青岛市崂山区社区医疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量监测结果分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 13:23

本文选题：放射工作人员　切入点：个人剂量　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的通过分析2013-2016年青岛市崂山区社区医疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量监测数据,正确评价该地区社区医疗机构放射工作人员职业危害及防护效果,为进一步巩固本地区个人剂量监测工作,加强放射防护科学管理、优化放射防护措施提供对策及依据。研究方法选择2013-2016年间在崂山区社区医疗机构工作的放射工作人员为研究对象,按照《职业性外照射个人监测规范》(GBZ 128-2002)的要求,采用氟化锂Li F(Mg,Cu,P)热释光个人剂量计(TLD)为探测器进行外照射个人剂量监测,监测周期为三个月(90天)。按照岗位不同,将研究对象分为放射诊断、放射技术、登记导诊工作人员三组。对比、分析三组放射工作人员在2013-2016年间的外照射个人剂量监测数据的差异;将安装CT后崂山区社区医疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量与未安装CT时相比较,分析CT进入社区医疗机构后对服务基层社区的放射工作人员的个人剂量是否有影响。利用所得数据建立数据库,录入个人剂量资料,采用SPSS 19.0统计学软件对上述数据进行统计学处理并依据国家有关法律法规和技术标准进行对比、评价。多组独立样本比较用单因素方差分析(F检验),其中各组之间的两两比较采用LSD-t检验,以P0.05,认为差异有统计学意义;安装CT后崂山区社区医疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量与未安装CT之间的比较,采用T检验,α=0.05,P0.05,差异有统计学意义。结果2013-2016年青岛市崂山区放射工作人员的人均年有效剂量为0.143 m Sv/a,均远低于国家规定的公众年计量限值(1 m Sv/a),且人均年有效剂量稳定在较低水平;三组不同岗位放射工作人员的人均年有效剂量分别是0.083、0.117、0.216 m Sv/a,采用单因素方差分析,F=6.663,差异有统计学意义(P=0.017);三组之间的两两比较采用LSD-t检验,放射技术与放射诊断工作人员均高于登记导诊工作人员,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),放射技术与放射诊断工作人员相比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论连续四年的监测结果显示人均年有效剂量均低于1 m Sv/a,崂山区社区医疗机构放射工作人员的个人剂量水平较低,符合国家的相关标准和规定,同时自2016年崂山区第一台CT装机以后,辖区内社区医疗机构放射工作人员的人均年有效剂量水平依旧维持在较低水平,未出现大幅度增长,说明相应崂山区社区医疗机构的放射工作环境安全、可靠;不同岗位放射工作人员的个人剂量存在一定差异,其中放射技术工作人员的人均年有效剂量最高,应给予重点监测。同时加强放射法规和防护知识的培训,提高职业防护与职业健康意识,努力保证放射工作人员个人剂量维持在低水平,可以有效减少电离辐射对医护人员的伤害。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the occupational hazards and protective effects of radiation workers of community medical institutions in Laoshan district of Qingdao from 2013 to 2016 by analyzing the personal dose monitoring data of radiation workers. In order to further consolidate the work of individual dose monitoring in the region and strengthen the scientific management of radiation protection, Methods Radiological workers working in community medical institutions in Laoshan district from 2013 to 2016 were selected as the research objects, according to the requirements of GBZ 128-2002). The TLDs were used as detectors to monitor the individual dose of external irradiation. The monitoring period was 90 days after three months. According to the different positions, the subjects were divided into two groups: diagnostic radiation and radiation technology. Three groups of registered guided workers. The differences of personal dose monitoring data of external exposure of three groups of radiation workers during 2013-2016 were analyzed. The personal dose of radiation workers in Laoshan district community medical institutions after CT was compared with that when CT was not installed. This paper analyzes whether CT has an effect on the personal dose of radiation workers serving grass-roots communities after entering community medical institutions. The data obtained are used to set up a database and input personal dose data. Statistical software SPSS 19.0 was used to process the above data and compare them according to the relevant national laws and regulations and technical standards. Evaluation. Single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in the comparison of multiple independent samples, in which the pairwise comparison of each group was performed with LSD-t test (P0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The comparison between the individual dose of radiation workers in Laoshan district community medical institutions and the non-CT after CT was installed. Using T test, the difference was statistically significant. Results the average annual effective dose of radiation workers in Laoshan District of Qingdao City from 2013 to 2016 was 0.143 m SvP / a, which was far lower than the public annual measurement limit of 1 m SvP / a, and the annual effective dose per capita was lower than 1 m Sv / a per capita. Stable at a lower level; The average annual effective dose of radiation workers in the three groups was 0.083 ~ 0.117 ~ 0.216 m / a, respectively. The single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.017). The comparison between the three groups was performed by LSD-t test. The radiology technique and the radiologic diagnosis staff were higher than those of the registered guide workers, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The radiology technology was compared with the radiation diagnosis staff. Conclusion the results of monitoring for four consecutive years showed that the annual effective dose per person was lower than 1 m Sv / a, and the personal dose level of radiation workers in Laoshan community medical institution was lower, which was in accordance with the relevant national standards and regulations. At the same time, since 2016, when the first CT machine was installed in Laoshan District, the per capita annual effective dose level of radiation workers in community medical institutions in the jurisdiction has remained at a relatively low level, with no significant increase. The results show that the radiation working environment of the community medical institutions in Laoshan district is safe and reliable, and the personal dose of radiation workers in different positions is different, among which, the annual effective dose per person of radiation technical staff is the highest. Emphasis should be placed on monitoring. At the same time, the training of radiation regulations and protective knowledge should be strengthened, the awareness of occupational protection and occupational health should be raised, and efforts should be made to ensure that the personal doses of radiation workers are maintained at a low level. It can effectively reduce the injury to medical staff caused by ionizing radiation.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R144

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