漆酶可降解底物种类的研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-10 18:14

本文选题：漆酶　切入点：底物　出处：《生物技术通报》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：漆酶是一种含铜离子的多酚氧化酶,广泛存在于植物及真菌中。漆酶含特有的铜离子,其功能为传递结构中的电子,使漆酶具有了较强的氧化还原能力,能与木质素、胺类化合物、芳香化合物等底物发生作用,且大多数反应的唯一产物为水。目前,漆酶在降解多种有毒物质和有害污染物方面表现出高效、成本较低的特性,如白腐真菌所产的高水平漆酶已广泛成熟应用在工业废水处理等生物整治和修复领域。近年来最新研究利用载体固定化酶的技术使漆酶能够在使用后回收反复利用且更具有稳定性,这降低成本的同时还保持了漆酶催化氧化的特性,克服了不少漆酶在解决环境污染中出现的问题。利用介体的介导作用解决了漆酶氧化还原电势较低的问题,大量增多了可降解底物的种类,使其在废水处理、污染物降解、土壤修复、工业染料漂白等领域的应用前景更广阔。对现有漆酶应用于各领域进行研究总结,综述了降解各领域中的有害污染物等底物种类,提出了利用漆酶的降解过程中的现有不足和改进方向,以期为生物法降解环境污染物的研究提供参考。
[Abstract]:Laccase is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase widely found in plants and fungi. Laccase contains unique copper ions, and its function is to transfer electrons in the structure, which makes laccase have a strong redox ability and can interact with lignin. Amines, aromatic compounds and other substrates act, and the only product of most reactions is water. At present, laccase is characterized by its high efficiency and low cost in the degradation of many toxic substances and harmful pollutants. For example, the high level laccase produced by white rot fungi has been widely used in bioremediation and remediation fields such as industrial wastewater treatment. In recent years, the technique of immobilization of laccase by carrier has been newly studied so that laccase can be recycled after use. Used and more stable, This reduces the cost while maintaining the characteristics of laccase catalytic oxidation, and overcomes the problems of many laccase in solving the environmental pollution. The low redox potential of laccase is solved by mediating the mediators. A large number of degradable substrates are widely used in wastewater treatment, pollutant degradation, soil remediation, industrial dye bleaching and so on. In this paper, the kinds of substrates in degradation of harmful pollutants in various fields are reviewed, and the existing deficiencies and improvement directions in the degradation process of laccase are put forward in order to provide a reference for the study of biodegradation of environmental pollutants.
【作者单位】：桂林理工大学化学与生物工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(21467006)
【分类号】：Q814.9;X505

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