强化生物除磷系统的功能微生物研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-11 06:11

本文选题：强化生物除磷　切入点：聚磷菌　出处：《生物技术通报》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：人类活动过程中排放的磷是导致水体富营养化的重要原因之一,因此,采取强化生物除磷(Enhanced biological phosphorus removal,EBPR)技术去除污水中磷,减轻对环境不利影响。由于具有经济、可持续的优点,EBPR系统在污水除磷中得到广泛应用,而体系中微生物群落组成合理、功能完整是EBPR系统高效稳定运行的关键所在。为了深入了解EBPR系统除磷机理和实现高效稳定运行,对系统中微生物群落结构和主要功能微生物进行了大量研究。EBPR系统中除了具有聚磷能力的聚磷菌(Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms,PAOs)外,还包括没有聚磷能力的非聚磷菌(non-PAOs),主要为聚糖菌(Glycogen-accumulating organisms,GAOs)和一些辅助细菌等。目前,发现与聚磷相关的功能微生物种类越来越多,研究最多的PAOs和GAOs分别为Accumulibacter和Defluviicoccus。PAOs和GAOs在不同的环境条件下存在竞争或合作关系,但是PAOs在特定条件下是否能够表现出GAOs的代谢特性这一问题还存在争论。除传统碳源、p H和温度等因素影响生物除磷外,外源污染物(如抗生素和重金属)对EBPR系统中功能微生物也产生影响。为了获得高效PAOs,传统分离方法、蓝白斑筛选法和人工构建工程菌的方法先后得到应用。现代分子生物学技术的发展为EBPR系统中功能微生物研究提供了先进可靠的技术手段,通过高效聚磷菌的构建实现高效除磷是未来提高实际污水中生物除磷效率的一个重要发展方向。
[Abstract]:In the process of phosphorus emissions from human activities, which is one of the most important causes of eutrophication, therefore, adopt the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (Enhanced biological phosphorus removal, EBPR) removal of phosphorus in wastewater, reduce the environmental adverse effects. Because of its economy, sustainable advantages, EBPR system has been widely used in wastewater treatment, and microbial in the system of community composition is reasonable, complete function is the key to efficient and stable operation of the EBPR system. In order to understand the mechanism of phosphorus removal in EBPR system and realize the efficient and stable operation of the system, the microbial community structure and the main function of microorganism in the.EBPR system has the ability of phosphorus poly phosphate accumulating bacteria (Polyphosphate-accumulating organisms, PAOs) and no, including phosphorus accumulating capacity of non phosphorus (non-PAOs), mainly for the GAOs (Glycogen-accumulating organisms, GAOs) And some auxiliary bacteria. At present, more and more features found in microbial species associated with phosphorus, the most studied PAOs and GAOs were Accumulibacter and Defluviicoccus.PAOs and GAOs in the presence of competition or cooperation in different environmental conditions, but under certain conditions, PAOs is able to show there is debate about whether the metabolic characteristics of GAOs the problem. In addition to the traditional carbon source, P H factor and temperature affect the biological phosphorus removal, exogenous pollutants (such as antibiotics and heavy metals) in EBPR system also affected the function of microbial. In order to obtain high efficiency PAOs, the traditional separation method, blue white screening method and the method of artificial construction of engineering bacteria has been applied to the development of modern molecular. Biological technology provides advanced technology and reliable function for microbial research in EBPR system, through the construction of phosphorus accumulation is not provided to achieve efficient phosphorus removal An important development direction of biological phosphorus removal efficiency in high actual sewage.

【作者单位】：南京大学环境学院南京大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室;浙江省环境监测中心;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07204)
【分类号】：X172;X703

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