石漠化发育区域土地整治关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 22:29

本文选题：石漠化　切入点：土地整治　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：喀斯特石漠化导致土地植被覆盖度降低、土壤贫瘠以及基岩大面积裸露,同时生态环境受到不同程度的破坏,耕地有效面积减少且质量大幅下降,加剧区域经济贫困。因此,对喀斯特石漠化地区耕地进行恢复治理迫在眉睫。论文通过收集与学习国内外石漠化、土地整治以及石漠化土地整治的研究现状,总结石漠化形成与演变过程的特点与规律,提出以土地整治的理论与实践来指导石漠化治理,并探讨石漠化发育区域土地整治关键技术。论文采取GIS、RS等技术与手段,构建石漠化土地整治适宜性评价方法体系并进行实例研究,探讨石漠化土地整治土地平整、灌溉中的关键工程技术,归纳总结工程布局模式,最后通过工程量测算探讨投资标准。具体研究内容及取得的成果包括:(1)根据土地石漠化的成因及其特殊的喀斯特地质地貌背景,划分石漠化发育区域土地整治适宜等级,选取适宜性评价因子,采用层次分析法、文献统计法以及德尔菲法相结合的方法确定指标的权重,构建石漠化土地整治适宜性评价方法体系,并以西畴县石漠化土地整治项目区为例,采用TM遥感影像、GIS功能进行了案例分析。石漠化区域土地整治适宜性评价将为石漠化发育区域土地整治项目选址提供理论与决策依据。(2)依据石漠化发育区域的特点,探讨石漠化土地整治的关键工程技术,分析认为其核心是水、土、石资源平衡分析论证。基于石漠化特点和适宜性评价结果,划分为三类土地平整区,探讨不同类型区域的平整方法与工程技术;总结出石漠化发育区典型灌溉方式为“截—引—蓄”工程,并对石漠化区域水资源进行平衡分析论证。(3)以一个典型田块为例,探讨石漠化发育区土地整治工程布局模式,对三类不同发育区的工程量进行测算,最后基于预算定额进行投资标准拟定。投资估算标准将为相关部门进行石漠化土地整治项目投资提供参考与依据。
[Abstract]:Karst rocky desertification land resulted in reduced vegetation coverage, poor soil and large area of exposed bedrock, and the ecological environment has been damaged to varying degrees, the effective area of cultivated land decreased and quality decline, increase regional economic poverty. Therefore, the cultivated land in Karst rocky desertification area was imminent. The restoration through collecting and studying foreign stone desertification, land remediation and desertification land remediation research present situation, summarized the development of rock desertification and the characteristics and laws of evolution, put forward to the theory and practice of land consolidation to guide the rocky desertification, and discusses the key technology of desertification development in regional land consolidation. This paper adopted GIS, RS and other technical means the construction of rocky desertification land remediation, suitable for system evaluation method and case studies, to explore the rocky desertification land reclamation land leveling, the key technology of irrigation engineering, summarized the total Node engineering layout mode, and finally through the engineering calculation of investment. The research contents and achievements include: (1) according to the causes of rocky desertification and its special geological background of Karst rocky desertification, divided the development of regional land consolidation suitability, selecting suitability evaluation factors by AHP. The weight is combined with the method of literature statistics method and Delphi method to determine the index, construction of rocky desertification land remediation system suitable evaluation method, taking Xichou County rocky desertification land remediation project area as an example, using TM remote sensing image, analyses the case of the GIS function. The rocky desertification region of land reclamation suitability evaluation as the development area of rocky desertification land remediation project to provide theoretical and decision-making basis for the site. (2) according to the characteristics of desertification area, explore the key techniques of rocky desertification land remediation, analysis its nuclear The heart is the water, soil, stone resources balance analysis. Rocky desertification characteristics and suitability evaluation based on the results, divided into three categories of land leveling, leveling method of different types of regions and engineering technology; summarizes the development of rocky desertification region typical irrigation "cut - Lead - build project, and balance analysis of water resources area of rocky desertification. (3) in a typical field as an example, to explore the development of rocky desertification land remediation project layout mode, three kinds of different development zones of engineering quantity calculate, based on the budget quota for investment. Investment estimation standard quasi standard will provide reference and basis for for the related departments of the rocky desertification land remediation project investment.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X171.4;S28

【参考文献】