当代中国环境治理制度框架之转型:危机与应对

发布时间：2018-03-15 21:54

本文选题：环境治理　切入点：行政机制　出处：《复旦学报(社会科学版)》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着我国环境污染日益严峻、环境质量持续下降,环境危机严重威胁到人民群众身体健康,成为中国发展道路的"软肋"。面对环境问题的日趋复杂化,环境治理的制度体系需要适应新的变革。环境治理制度体系包括基础性制度、制度框架与制度运行三个层次。基础性制度包括基础性政治制度与基础性经济制度,制度框架层次指行政机制、市场机制、社会机制以及三种机制相互作用形成的混合机制,制度执行主要包括环境督查、行政问责、公益诉讼、罚款等。本文以制度框架为分析层次,考察我国环境治理从行政主导走向行政、市场、社会合作治理转型的过程。在经济发展、人口增长以及城市化进程加快的情况下,行政主导的环境治理制度框架的弊端日益暴露出来,它不能有效地解决跨界污染、多个主体激励问题。从行政主导、举国体制、分地区分部门负责统一监管的制度框架转向行政、市场与社会之间合作治理的制度框架,整合行政、市场与社会公众三种机制,破除"区域边界"与"功能边界",发挥协同效应是我国环境治理制度替代的现实选择。有效环境治理的制度框架仍然处于建构过程中。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental pollution and the continuous decline of environmental quality in China, the environmental crisis has seriously threatened the health of the masses of the people and become the "soft rib" of China's road of development. The institutional system of environmental governance needs to adapt to the new changes. The system of environmental governance includes three levels: the basic system, the institutional framework and the institutional operation. The basic system includes the basic political system and the basic economic system. Institutional framework level refers to the administrative mechanism, the market mechanism, the social mechanism and the mixed mechanism formed by the interaction of the three mechanisms. The implementation of the system mainly includes environmental supervision, administrative accountability, public interest litigation. Based on the institutional framework, this paper examines the transition process of environmental governance from administrative leading to administrative, market and social cooperative governance. Under the circumstances of economic development, population growth and the acceleration of urbanization, The malpractice of the administratively led environmental governance system has been exposed day by day. It can not effectively solve the problem of cross-border pollution and multi-subject incentive. The institutional framework, which is responsible for the unification of supervision and control in the sub-regions, has shifted to the institutional framework of administrative cooperation between the market and society, the integration of administration, the market and the public, It is a realistic choice to break "regional boundary" and "functional boundary" and to exert synergetic effect. The institutional framework of effective environmental governance is still in the process of construction.
【作者单位】：同济大学经济与管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国市级发展规划编制中的公众参与机制研究”(项目批准号:13&ZD176) 复旦大学社会科学高等研究院和复旦大学当代中国研究中心2016年“年度主题”研究项目 “上海市高峰学科建设”资助项目成果之一
【分类号】：D922.68;X321

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