成都平原农田镉污染情况及油菜镉吸收特征

发布时间：2018-03-20 18:11

本文选题：成都平原　切入点：镉　出处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了解成都平原农田镉污染现状及油菜对农田土壤镉的吸收特征,在成都平原镉污染农田选取45个样点,通过田间实地取样的方法,研究了32个品种油菜的镉吸收特征及其生长农田土壤镉污染特征。结果表明:45个取样点中有19个样点土壤镉含量超过土壤环境质量标准农业用地二级污染标准,除广汉外,其余各市区农田土壤都存在镉污染威胁,尤以什邡为重;土壤有效镉含量随全镉含量增加而递增,两者呈极显著线性正相关;土壤镉污染生物有效性系数随土壤pH值升高而降低,两者呈极显著线性负相关。试验所用油菜对土壤镉均有一定吸收累积作用,且不同品种差异显著;同一品种油菜镉富集能力主要受土壤镉含量的影响;绿星油99(德阳)、821(绵竹)、德油5号(彭州)和德油4号(什邡)分别为各市区筛选出的具有较强镉富集能力的适栽品种,也是试验中发现的最适合各市区作为农田镉污染修复植物的油菜品种。油菜籽粒镉富集能力主要受茎秆镉含量的影响,且在镉存赋能力的品种差异上均表现为茎秆大于籽粒。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the present situation of cadmium pollution in farmland of Chengdu Plain and the absorption characteristics of soil cadmium by rapeseed, 45 samples were selected from the farmland contaminated by cadmium in Chengdu Plain, and the method of field sampling was used. The cadmium uptake characteristics of 32 rape varieties and the characteristics of cadmium pollution in growing farmland were studied. The results showed that soil cadmium content in 19 of 45 sampling sites exceeded the second grade pollution standard of agricultural land, except Guanghan, the standard of soil environmental quality. In other urban areas, there was a threat of cadmium pollution, especially in Shifang, and the content of available cadmium in the soil increased with the increase of total cadmium content, and there was a very significant linear positive correlation between the two. The bioavailability coefficient of soil cadmium pollution decreased with the increase of soil pH value, and there was an extremely significant linear negative correlation between the two factors. The rape used in the experiment had a certain absorption and accumulation of soil cadmium, and there were significant differences among different varieties. The CD enrichment ability of the same rape was mainly affected by the cadmium content of soil, and the green star oil 99 (Deyangzhuzhang 821), Deyou 5 (Pengzhou) and Deyou 4 (Shifang) were the suitable cultivars with strong cadmium enrichment ability, respectively. It is also found in the experiment that rape varieties are the most suitable for remediation of cadmium pollution in farmland. The cadmium enrichment ability of rapeseed grain is mainly affected by the cadmium content of stem, and the difference of cadmium accumulation ability is that stem is larger than grain.
【作者单位】：四川省农业科学院作物研究所;南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室;
【基金】：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2014NZ0008)~~
【分类号】：X53

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