珠江三角洲某炼油厂苯系物的健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-03-20 18:27

本文选题：炼油厂装置　切入点：苯系物　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了解我国炼油厂装置区BTEX(苯、甲苯、乙苯、间/对二甲苯、邻二甲苯)排放特征及其潜在的健康风险,于2015年11月采集了珠江三角洲某大型炼油厂装置区排放的苯系物,使用预浓缩-GC-MS方法对其进行检测,并采用美国EPA人体暴露风险评价模型对其潜在的健康风险进行评估.结果表明,常减压蒸馏装置(AVDU)、催化裂化装置(CCU)、MTBE装置、连续重整装置(CRU)、芳烃联合装置(ACU)、延迟焦化装置(DCU)排放的苯系物浓度分别高达(239.5±159.5)、(149.9±36)、(313.8±373.8)、(136.3±12.8)、(103.5±92)和(116.9±102.8)μg/m~3.健康风险评价结果显示,各装置区BTEX经吸入途径的非致癌风险数量级为1.0×10~(-3)~1.0×10~(-1).经皮肤暴露的非致癌风险数量级为1.0×10~(-9)~1.0×10~(-7),6大装置的BTEX非致癌风险指数均1,不会对人体造成明显伤害.各装置区BTEX经吸入途径的致癌风险数量级为1.0×10-6~1.0×10-5,经皮肤暴露的非致癌风险数量级为1.0×10~(-12)~1.0×10~(-11).6大装置区的苯、乙苯致癌风险指数均超过EPA人体可接受致癌风险值(1.0×10~(-6)).皮肤暴露途径引起的健康风险与吸入暴露有相同的趋势,但风险值远小于吸入暴露的风险值,占总风险值的比例不足0.001%,说明该炼油厂引起人体健康风险的主要途径为吸入暴露.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the characteristics of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m / p-xylene, o-xylene) emissions and their potential health risks, the benzene-series emissions from a large refinery area in the Pearl River Delta were collected in November 2015. The potential health risk was evaluated by EPA human exposure risk assessment model in the United States. The results showed that the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit and catalytic cracking unit were used to evaluate the potential health risk. The concentrations of benzene series discharged from continuous reforming unit, arene combination unit and delayed coking unit were as high as 239.5 卤159.5 卤159.5 卤36.1 卤313.8 卤373.8 卤136.3 卤12.8 卤12.8 卤103.5 卤92 and 116.9 卤102.8 渭 g / m3.0.Health risk assessment showed that. The non-carcinogenic risk of BTEX in each unit was 1.0 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (-3) ~ (-1) by inhalation route, and the non-carcinogenic risk by skin exposure was 1.0 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (-9) ~ 1.0 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (-7) ~ (-1). The BTEX non-carcinogenic risk index of each unit was 1, which would not cause obvious harm to human body. The carcinogenic risk order of entry is 1.0 脳 10-6N 1.0 脳 10-5, and the non-carcinogenic risk of skin exposure is 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-10) -12 ~ (12) C ~ (1.0 脳 10 ~ (-10)) -11.6 benzene. The carcinogenic risk index of ethylbenzene was higher than that of EPA. The health risk caused by skin exposure was the same as that caused by inhalation exposure, but the risk value was much lower than that of inhalation exposure. Less than 0.001% of the total risk value, indicating that the main route of human health risk caused by the refinery is inhalation exposure.
【作者单位】：暨南大学环境与气候研究院;暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所;广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心;暨南大学广州区域低碳经济研究基地;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金-广东联合基金重点项目(U1201232);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(21406086) 中央高校基本科研业务专项(21614108)
【分类号】：X82

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