经济增长路径中的最优环境政策设计

发布时间：2018-04-10 18:57

本文选题：环境库兹涅茨曲线 + 庇古税　；参考：《财贸经济》2017年03期

【摘要】：一国的最优污染物排放量取决于该国的经济发展阶段,这已基本成为人们的共识,现实中观察到的"环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)"印证了这一命题。但另一个重要且尚无明确答案的问题是,最优环境政策是否也取决于经济发展阶段?本文对这一问题进行了深入探讨并得到了重要发现,即最优环境政策确实具有阶段性:在经济发展的初级阶段,侧重价格管理的庇古税是更有效率的政策手段;而当经济发展到一定阶段,特别是跨过EKC的拐点后,侧重数量管理的可交易排污权将成为更有效率的政策手段,并且其比较优势会随着经济继续增长而进一步强化。基于欧盟数据的实证分析也证实了这一发现。本文的政策建议是:随着中国经济规模的不断扩大,政府应及时加大环境治理力度,并更多地采用可交易排污权这一环境政策手段。
[Abstract]:The optimal emission of pollutants in a country depends on the stage of its economic development, which has become a consensus. The "Environmental Kuznets Curve" observed in reality confirms this proposition.But another important and unanswered question is whether optimal environmental policy also depends on the stage of economic development.This paper makes an in-depth study of this problem and finds out that the optimal environmental policy does have stages: in the initial stage of economic development, Pigou-tax, which emphasizes on price management, is a more efficient policy means;When the economy reaches a certain stage, especially after crossing the inflection point of EKC, the tradable emission rights with emphasis on quantity management will become a more efficient policy means, and its comparative advantage will be further strengthened as the economy continues to grow.Empirical analysis based on EU data confirms this finding.The policy suggestion of this paper is: with the continuous expansion of China's economic scale, the government should strengthen environmental governance in time and adopt more tradable emission rights as an environmental policy means.
【作者单位】：北京大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目(批准号:13&ZD042) 北京大学经济学院种子基金所提供的资助
【分类号】：F124.1;X196

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