我国城乡环保一体化发展的法律对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:57

本文选题：环境保护 + 城乡环保一体化　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放的三十多年,我们取得了举世瞩目的发展成就,然而发展带来的环境污染也触目惊心。虽然各级政府一直没有停止过环境的治理,并取得了一定的成效。但是,并未能从根本上解决环境问题。一方面,受“城市中心主义”思想的影响,我们在环境治理投入方面一直存在“重城市而轻农村”的问题;另一方面,由于城市环保标准的提高和农村经济发展的需要,大量城市工业污染源转向了农村。当下,记忆中农村的青山绿水和田园风光正在逐渐消亡。作为城市的生态屏障,农村环境的恶化又将反过来影响城市。随着城乡的进一步融合,城乡关系将变得越来越密切,在全面推进新型城镇化战略的大背景下,必须打破城乡二元结构,走城乡一体化环境治理路线。文章拟从城乡环保一体化的基本概念入手,运用环境治理的相关理论,结合美国的成功经验,为我国城乡环保一体化发展的法制建设提出对策。文章一共包括六个部分。第一个部分是绪论,作为文章的切入点,本部分主要交代了研究的背景意义、国内外学者研究成果,文章的研究思路与内容以及研究所运用的方法和技术。第二个部分是城乡环保一体化发展的理论阐释,这一部分首先对城乡环保一体化的概念进行了界定,在此基础上进一步阐述了环境正义理论、城乡统筹理论和协同治理理论,为下一步发现和解决问题提供理论基础。第三部分是在理论研究的基础上对我国城乡环保一体化发展的成效进行描述,主要从政策层面、立法层面进行了归纳和总结,并以张家港、常熟和攸县为案例,通过实证展示我国城乡环保一体化发展的成效及经验。第四部分对我国城乡环保一体化发展存在的问题进行了探究,并对问题产生的原因进行了深入的法律分析和探讨。文章认为由于城乡居民环境权的不正义、城乡环境立法的不平衡、城乡环境财政投入的不平衡以及城乡环境法律管制不平衡等原因,造成了目前我国城乡环境治理的城乡非均衡发展和城乡环保差距的不断扩大。第五部分对美国城乡环保一体化发展法制建设的经验进行了总结归纳。认为美国在强化立法发展可持续农业、农村环境保护法规制定、科学执法、公众参与环境立法与执法等方面的经验值得我们借鉴。第六部分提出我国城乡环保一体化发展的法律对策,即从强化环境正义的立法理念、完善环境法制建设、增加财政投入以及健全城乡一体的环境治理机制等方面对我国进一步完善城乡环保一体化发展的法制建设提出了建议。
[Abstract]:Thirty years of reform and opening up, we have made remarkable achievements in development, but the development has brought environmental pollution is shocking. Although the government has not stopped the environmental governance, and achieved certain results. However, it failed to fundamentally solve the environmental problems. On the one hand, influenced by the "city center" we thought, in environmental governance investment there has always been "heavy and light rural city"; on the other hand, due to the need to improve the city's environmental standards and the development of rural economy, a large number of industrial pollution sources in the city to the countryside. At present, the memory of the rural and pastoral scenery of green mountains and rivers are gradually disappearing as the ecological barrier. City, deterioration of rural environment will in turn affect the city. With the further integration of urban and rural areas, the relationship between urban and rural areas will become more and more closely, in promoting new urbanization The background of the strategy, we must break the two structure in urban and rural areas, urban-rural integration of environmental governance route. This paper starts from the basic concept of the integration of urban and rural environmental protection, using the related theories of environmental governance, combined with the successful experience of the United States, put forward the Countermeasures for the construction of legal system of China's urban and rural integration of environmental protection and development. The paper includes a total of six part. The first part is the introduction, as the entry point, this part mainly introduces the background and significance of the study, domestic and foreign scholars research results, methods and techniques used by the research ideas and content as well as the research. The second part is the theoretical interpretation of the integrated development of urban and rural environmental protection, this part of the first concept of integration urban and rural environmental protection are defined, further elaborated on the basis of the theory of environmental justice, the theory of urban and rural areas and collaborative governance theory, the next step for the discovery and solve problems Provide theoretical basis. The third part is on the development of the integration of urban and rural environmental protection in our country. The effectiveness on the basis of theoretical research, mainly from the policy level, the legislative level are summarized, and in Zhangjiagang, Changshu and Youxian as the case, through the empirical experience and demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrated development of urban and rural environmental protection in China. Fourth part of the research on the existence and development of the integration of urban and rural environmental problems in China, and the causes for the problems of legal analysis and discussion. The article thinks that due to urban and rural residents environmental right is not justice, unbalanced urban and rural environmental legislation, and the imbalance of urban and rural environmental legal regulation imbalance of urban and rural environment of financial investment the cause of the current environmental governance in urban and rural areas of urban and rural non balanced development and the widening gap between the urban and rural environmental protection. The fifth part of the urban and rural integration of environmental protection The development of the legal system construction experience was summarized. Strengthen the legislation that the United States in the development of sustainable agriculture, develop rural environmental protection regulations, scientific law enforcement, public participation in environmental legislation and law enforcement and other aspects of the experience is worth learning. The sixth part puts forward the Legal Countermeasures of the integrated development of urban and rural environmental protection in our country, from the legislative idea of strengthening environmental justice. Perfect the construction of environmental legal system, increase financial input and environmental governance mechanism and improve the urban and rural development and puts forward some suggestions on the construction of China's legal system to further improve the integrated development of urban and rural environmental protection.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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