化肥污染对粮食作物生产的环境惩罚效应

发布时间：2018-04-14 04:34

本文选题：环境惩罚 + 化肥污染　；参考：《中国环境科学》2017年05期

【摘要】：利用非径向、非角度的SBM模型,在考虑环境非期望产出的基础上,测量了1998~2013年中国31个省区小麦、玉米和水稻3种主要粮食作物的环境效率,并在此基础上采用动态面板GMM方法实证检验了化肥污染对粮食作物环境效率的影响.结果显示:我国粮食作物的环境效率呈现出波动中稳步上升的趋势,尤其2003年之后上升态势更加明显,粮食作物环境效率的整体水平较低,主产区粮食作物的环境效率高于主销区和产销平衡区的环境效率;化肥污染对粮食作物环境效率存在显著的负面影响,化肥污染量每增加1%,小麦、玉米和水稻的环境效率分别下降10.38%、13.45%和13.19%,这表明化肥污染对粮食生产过程存在显著"环境惩罚"效应.
[Abstract]:Based on the non-radial and non-angle SBM model, the environmental efficiency of three main grain crops, wheat, maize and rice, was measured in 31 provinces of China from 1998 to 2013 on the basis of environmental non-expected output.On this basis, the effect of chemical fertilizer pollution on the environmental efficiency of grain crops was tested by using dynamic panel GMM method.The results show that the environmental efficiency of grain crops in China shows a steady upward trend in fluctuation, especially after 2003, the rising trend is more obvious, and the overall level of environmental efficiency of grain crops is low.The environmental efficiency of grain crops in the main producing area was higher than that in the main selling area and the balanced area of production and marketing, and the environmental efficiency of grain crops was significantly negatively affected by chemical fertilizer pollution, and with the increase of chemical fertilizer pollution amount, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat, wheat,The environmental efficiency of maize and rice decreased by 10.38% and 13.19% respectively, which indicated that chemical fertilizer pollution had significant "environmental punishment" effect on grain production.
【作者单位】：浙江大学中国农村发展研究院;浙江大学管理学院;
【基金】：浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ13G030002)
【分类号】：X592

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