2005-2016年北京中心城区热岛时空格局及影响因子多元建模

发布时间：2018-04-15 11:15

本文选题：热岛强度 + 地表温度　；参考：《地球信息科学学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：城市热岛效应作为城市范围的一种典型气候特征,在近年来受到了广泛的关注。了解城市热岛时空演变及形成原因对缓解城市热环境和提高人居舒适性有着重要意义。以北京市中心城区为例,首先,基于Landsat卫星2005、2010、2016年的热红外影像数据反演得到地表温度,采用均值标准差方法对地表温度进行划分得到多等级的热岛强度,分析城市热岛的空间格局和随时间的演变规律;其次,提取不透水层、植被、裸土和水体4种典型地物类型,统计不同年份下各热岛强度之间的转移信息并计算相关的热力景观格局指数;接着,依据离市中心的距离将中心城区分为30级缓冲区,统计分析每一级缓冲区内各地物类型的面积比例与热岛强度信息。最后,以各地物类型的统计数据,结合离市中心的距离,建立各影响因子与热岛强度之间的多元关系模型,综合分析地物类型和市中心的距离变化对城市热岛的影响。结果表明:北京中心城区整体热岛强度呈逐年增长的趋势,高等级热岛强度的热力斑块面积逐步扩张,热力景观类型的多样性随时间推移呈下降态势。不透水层对热岛强度的影响较大,具体表现为不透水层盖度越高,热岛强度越大;热岛强度随离市中心距离的增大逐渐降低。
[Abstract]:As a typical urban climate feature, urban heat island effect has been paid more and more attention in recent years.It is important to understand the temporal and spatial evolution of urban heat island and its causes to alleviate the urban thermal environment and improve the comfort of human settlements.Taking the central urban area of Beijing as an example, first of all, based on the thermal infrared image data of Landsat satellite 2005 / 2010 and 2016, the surface temperature is retrieved, and the mean standard deviation method is used to divide the surface temperature to obtain multi-grade heat island intensity.The spatial pattern of urban heat island and its evolution over time are analyzed. Secondly, four types of typical features, including impermeable layer, vegetation, bare soil and water body, are extracted.Statistics the transfer information between different heat island intensity in different years and calculate the related thermal landscape pattern index. Then, according to the distance from the city center, the central city is divided into 30 buffer zones,The area ratio and heat island intensity information of each class buffer are analyzed.Finally, based on the statistical data of the local object types and the distance from the city center, the multivariate relationship model between the influence factors and the intensity of the heat island is established, and the influence of the type of the feature and the distance change of the city center on the urban heat island is analyzed synthetically.The results show that the overall heat island intensity of the central city of Beijing is increasing year by year, the thermal patch area of the high grade heat island intensity is gradually expanding, and the diversity of the thermal landscape type is decreasing with the passage of time.The influence of impermeable layer on the strength of heat island is greater, the more the cover of impermeable layer is, the greater the intensity of heat island is, and the intensity of heat island decreases with the increase of distance from the center of the city.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院;资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41671339)
【分类号】：X16

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