腐殖酸对海拉尔河典型抗生素污染物吸附作用研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 12:06

本文选题：海拉尔河 + 抗生素　；参考：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着抗生素用药量的不断增大,抗生素污染对水环境造成的潜在威胁越来越受到重视,而现有研究对于抗生素在环境介质上的吸附机制,及在自然环境中发生的非生物转化认识依然不足,因此,分析水环境中抗生素的残留量、风险以及在水环境中迁移规律具有重要意义。论文以内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区海拉尔河为研究对象现场采样,并利用高效液相色谱串联质谱法建立抗生素的检测方法,找出典型抗生素污染物;结合海拉尔河沉积物中含较高浓度腐殖酸的特点,研究腐殖酸对典型抗生素污染物的吸附性作用,得到如下结论:海拉尔河融雪期的抗生素污染主要以喹诺酮类为主,且含量在我国检测的枯水期河流中处于中等水平,从上游至下游污染逐渐降低,支流伊敏河污染不严重,辉河污染较轻且主要集中在上游;海拉尔河夏雨期的抗生素污染主要以四环素类为主,且含量在我国检测的丰水期河流中处于较低水平,从上游至下游污染并没有明显规律,主要集中在畜牧业发达的地区,支流伊敏河污染仍不严重,辉河污染较轻且主要集中在上游。两个时期的喹诺酮类抗生素都存在高风险,主要是氧氟沙星(OFL)和环丙沙星(CIP),而四环素类抗生素分布广也应引起重视。室内试验所选取的氧氟沙星(OFL)和土霉素(OTC)在腐殖酸上的吸附12h均可以达到吸附平衡,高温利于吸附的进行;OFL和OTC在腐殖酸上吸附主要受物理作用控制,前者为吸热反应,后者为放热反应;腐殖酸对OFL的吸附在中性条件下吸附量最大,对OTC的吸附在酸性条件下吸附量最大;腐殖酸对两者的吸附量随溶液中离子强度的增大均逐渐减小;OFL和OTC在腐殖酸上的吸附主要受静电作用、疏水性作用、氢键作用、离子交换作用的影响,其中离子交换是主导吸附的关键因素。研究结果揭示了海拉尔河内抗生素的迁移转化规律,并为治理海拉尔河内抗生素污染提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:With the increasing use of antibiotics, more and more attention has been paid to the potential threat to the water environment caused by antibiotic pollution.Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the residues, risks and migration rules of antibiotics in water environment.In this paper, the Hailaer River in Hulunbeir area of Inner Mongolia is taken as the research object, and the detection method of antibiotics is established by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC / MS) to find out the typical antibiotic contaminants.Combined with the characteristics of high concentration of humic acid in the sediments of the Herald River, the adsorption of humic acid to typical antibiotic pollutants was studied. The conclusions are as follows: quinolones are the main antibiotics pollution in the snowmelt period of the Heilar River.And the content is in the middle level in the low water period in our country, the pollution from upstream to downstream decreases gradually, the pollution of Yimin River is not serious, and the pollution of Hui River is light and concentrated in the upper reaches.The antibiotic pollution in the summer rain period of the Hailar River is mainly tetracycline, and the content of tetracycline is at a low level in the rivers in the high water period detected in our country. The pollution from the upper reaches to the lower reaches has no obvious regularity, and it is mainly concentrated in the areas where the animal husbandry is developed.The pollution of Yimin River is not serious, and the pollution of Huihe River is light and concentrated in the upper reaches.Both quinolones are at high risk, mainly ofloxacin (OFLL) and ciprofloxacin (CIPP), and tetracycline antibiotics should be widely distributed.The adsorption of ofloxacin (OFLL) and oxytetracycline (OTC) on humic acid for 12 h can reach adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption of OFL and OTC on humic acid at high temperature is mainly controlled by physical action. The former is endothermic reaction.The latter is exothermic reaction, the adsorption capacity of humic acid to OFL is the largest under neutral condition, and the adsorption amount of OTC to OTC is the largest in acidic condition.The adsorption capacity of humic acid on humic acid decreased gradually with the increase of ionic strength in the solution. The adsorption of OFL and OTC on humic acid was mainly affected by electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bond and ion exchange.Ion exchange is the key factor leading adsorption.The results revealed the migration and transformation of antibiotics in the Herald River and provided a scientific basis for the treatment of antibiotic contamination in the river.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X131.2

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