太湖蠡河小流域水质的空间变化特征及污染物源解析

发布时间：2018-04-24 19:11

本文选题：面源污染 + 污染物流失特征　；参考：《环境科学》2017年09期

【摘要】：为了解太湖流域河流中污染物的来源及时空变化特征,于2014年在太湖湖西区蠡河小流域开展水质监测,对从上游到下游的5个监测点汛期和非汛期水体中的总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH_4~+-N)、化学需氧量(COD)浓度的变化规律及其影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,监测期间流域水体中TP、NH_4~+-N、COD的浓度均值为0.176、1.075、10.626 mg·L~(-1),水质状况总体较好,未超过Ⅳ类水标准.从上游到下游TP、NH_4~+-N浓度逐渐升高,下游水质较差,均属于劣Ⅴ类水质;而COD浓度较低,未超过Ⅳ类水标准.受降雨的影响,污染物浓度在汛期略高于非汛期.在非汛期,污染物浓度从上游到下游逐渐升高,而在汛期,各监测点污染物浓度没有明显的变化趋势.随着居民地面积的增加,林地面积的减少污染物浓度逐渐升高.流域人口密度、畜禽养殖与水体中污染物浓度显著相关.蠡河流域农业面源污染的主要来源是生活源和畜禽养殖源.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the source and spatio-temporal variation of pollutants in the rivers of the Taihu River Basin, the water quality monitoring was carried out in the Lihe small watershed in the west of Taihu Lake in 2014. The changes of the total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH_4~+-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in the 5 monitoring points from the upstream to the lower reaches of the lower reaches of the river basin were studied. The results showed that the mean concentration of TP, NH_4~+-N and COD in the water body was 0.176,1.075,10.626 mg L~ (-1) during the monitoring period, and the water quality was generally better than the type IV water standard. From the upstream to downstream TP, the concentration of NH_4~+-N increased gradually and the downstream water quality was poor, and the COD concentration was low and did not exceed class IV water standards. The concentration of pollutants in the flood season is slightly higher than the non flood season. In the non flood season, the concentration of pollutants gradually rises from the upstream to the lower reaches. In the flood season, there is no obvious change in the concentration of pollutants at the monitoring points. With the increase of the area of the residents, the concentration of the pollutants in the woodland area is gradually increased. The concentration of pollutants in water is significantly correlated. The main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution in Lihe River Basin are source of life and livestock and poultry.

【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部面源污染控制重点实验室;上海交通大学农业与生物学院;南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院;无锡市环境监测中心站;农业部环境保护科研监测所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31572208) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303089) 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150975)
【分类号】：X52

【相似文献】