开封古城不同朝代文化层重金属积累与污染分析

发布时间：2018-04-26 00:25

本文选题：开封古城 + 文化层　；参考：《地理学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：开封古城黄泛沉积形成的"城摞城"奇观为文化层重金属积累与污染分析提供难得的材料。在开封市城区(师专钻孔和医专钻孔)和郊区(金明钻孔)分别获取25 m连续岩芯,大部分按10 cm间隔分样,共获得657个沉积物样品。用ICP-MS和AFS方法测定样品Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn、Hg、As、Ni、Cr和Co含量。结合地层14C年代数据、考古发掘及历史文献记载,建立不同朝代文化层年代框架,开展文化层重金属积累与污染分析。结果表明:师专、医专和金明钻孔均存在战国、宋金、明早期、明中期、明晚期和清代6个文化层。文化层大部分重金属发生不同程度富集,以Hg富集最为明显,城区钻孔明早期以前文化层达到强富集至极强富集水平。绝大多数文化层发生了重金属轻度至中度污染,中度污染发生在城区钻孔的宋金文化层。城区钻孔的最主要污染重金属是Hg,其次是Cu、Pb和Zn;郊区钻孔的主要污染重金属是Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb。不同朝代文化层重金属污染程度与其人口密度呈正相关。明早、中、晚期文化层污染程度逐渐减轻的现象可能与明朝开封城复兴与频繁的黄河泛滥有关。
[Abstract]:The "city pile city" spectacle formed by yellow pan deposition in Kaifeng provides rare materials for the accumulation and pollution analysis of heavy metals in the cultural layer. 25m continuous cores were obtained in Kaifeng city (normal college and medical college drilling) and suburb (Jinming borehole), most of which were separated by 10cm interval and 657 sediment samples were obtained. ICP-MS and AFS methods were used to determine the contents of Cr and Co in the samples of Pbcdcdcdcdcdcdcdczncncncncncncncnc@@ Based on the 14C age data, archaeological excavations and historical documents, the chronological framework of different dynasties' cultural layers was established to analyze the accumulation and pollution of heavy metals in the cultural layers. The results show that there are six cultural layers in the warring States period, Song and Jin dynasties, early Ming Dynasty, Middle Ming Dynasty, late Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. Most of the heavy metals in the cultural layer are enriched in different degrees, Hg is the most obvious enrichment, the cultural layer in the urban area reached the level of strong enrichment to extremely strong enrichment before the early period of drilling. Most of the cultural layers were slightly to moderately polluted by heavy metals, and the moderate pollution occurred in the Song and Jin culture layers. The main polluted heavy metals of boreholes in urban areas are Hg, followed by Cu Pb and Zn, and the major polluted heavy metals in suburban boreholes are Cr-Hg and Pb. There was a positive correlation between heavy metal pollution and population density in different dynasties. The gradual reduction of the level of cultural pollution in the early, middle and late stages of the Ming Dynasty may be related to the revival of Kaifeng City in the Ming Dynasty and the frequent flooding of the Yellow River.
【作者单位】：河南大学资源与环境研究所;黄河文明河南省协同创新中心暨河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41171409) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD790023) 教育部和河南省共建河南大学项目(SBGJ090101)~~
【分类号】：K878.3;X502

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