太湖典型丘陵水源地水质时空变化及影响因素分析——以平桥河流域为例

发布时间：2018-04-27 16:24

本文选题：水质 + 聚类分析　；参考：《长江流域资源与环境》2017年02期

【摘要】：基于太湖流域典型丘陵水源地平桥河流域12个采样点的水质监测数据,综合运用聚类分析和主成分分析法对平桥河流域水质时空变化及影响因素进行分析。聚类分析显示,按照水质相似性将平桥河流域水质分为枯水期、平水期、丰水期3个季节时段和中上游丘陵河谷区、下游紧邻平桥镇的平原区、下游暗沟出口区3个典型空间区域。主成分分析显示:(1)枯水期水质以氮污染为主导因素,磷和有机污染次之,受流量减小、流速缓慢导致的营养盐富集的影响加大;平水期水质以氮污染为主导因素,磷污染次之,受茶园等大量施肥导致的农业面源污染的影响;丰水期水质以氮和磷污染为主导因素,受到水稻种植等农业活动和大量降雨径流的影响。(2)中上游丘陵河谷区水质以氮和磷污染为主导因素,有机污染次之,受到茶园种植等农业活动导致的面源污染的影响;下游紧邻平桥镇的平原区水质以氮和磷的污染为主导因素,有机污染次之,受到居民生活污水和农业生产的影响;下游暗沟出口区水质以氮污染为主导因素,有机污染和磷污染次之,受到生活污水、农业生产和畜禽养殖的影响。研究结果可为太湖流域丘陵区水源地保护和管理提供参考。
[Abstract]:Based on the water quality monitoring data of 12 sampling sites in Pingqiao River Basin, a typical hilly area in Taihu Basin, cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of water quality in Pingqiao River Basin and its influencing factors. Cluster analysis shows that according to the similarity of water quality, the water quality of Pingqiao River Basin is divided into three periods: dry season, plain water period, abundant water period, and the upper-middle hilly valley area, and the plain area in the lower reaches adjacent to Pingqiao Town. There are three typical space areas in the outlet area of the lower reaches. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that nitrogen pollution was the dominant factor in water quality during dry season, followed by phosphorus and organic pollution, and the effect of nutrient enrichment caused by low flow rate and slow flow rate was increased, while nitrogen pollution was the leading factor, phosphorus pollution was the second. Affected by agricultural non-point source pollution caused by a large amount of fertilization in tea plantations, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution are the dominant factors in water quality in high water season. Under the influence of agricultural activities such as rice planting and a large amount of rainfall runoff, the water quality in the upper-upper hilly and valley areas is dominated by nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, followed by organic pollution, and by non-point source pollution caused by agricultural activities such as tea plantation. The pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus is the dominant factor in the water quality in the plain area near Pingqiao Town, followed by the organic pollution, which is influenced by the domestic sewage and agricultural production, and the nitrogen pollution is the dominant factor in the water quality of the outlet area of the lower reaches of Shaogou. Organic pollution and phosphorus pollution were followed by domestic sewage, agricultural production and livestock and poultry breeding. The results can provide reference for water source protection and management in the hilly area of Taihu Lake Basin.
【作者单位】：中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所流域地理学重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院“百人计划”项目(Y5BR011001) 国家自然科学基金项目(41471460,42501552) 江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20161612)~~
【分类号】：X524

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