新疆两种不同类型农田生态系统大气氮素干沉降分析

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:04

本文选题：农田生态系统 + 城郊农田　；参考：《干旱区研究》2017年06期

【摘要】：西北地区活性氮含量急剧增加,这将导致一系列的生态系统安全问题。2013年9月至2014年10月利用中流量大气颗粒物采样器和被动采样器,对新疆城市郊区和荒漠-绿洲交错带两种农田生态系统大气氮素干沉降开展定量研究。结果表明:城郊和荒漠-绿洲交错带农田生态系统大气活性氮NH3、NO2、颗粒态p NH+4、p NO-3、可吸入颗粒物PM10年平均浓度分别为14.25、14.41、5.50、2.1、332.4μg·m-3和7.87、7.15、7.01、2.31、125.1μg·m-3。大气氮素干沉降总量为26.05 kg N·hm-2·a-1和19.54 kg N·hm-2·a-1。其中气体NH3-N、NO2-N和颗粒态NH+4-N、NO-3-N的年总通量分别为12.46、3.15、2.88、7.56 kg N·hm-2·a-1和4.42、2.23、9.80、3.10kg N·hm-2·a-1,分别占干沉降总量的48%、12%、9%、11%和23%、11%、50%、16%。研究表明,城郊农田生态系统以NH3-N沉降为主,荒漠-绿洲交错带农田生态系统以颗粒态NH+4-N沉降为主。城郊农田生态系统大气氮素干沉降总量是荒漠-绿洲交错带农田生态系统的1.33倍,大气氮组分中NH3-N、NO2-N的沉降量远高于荒漠-绿洲农田,可见,人为活动对农田生态系统的影响更为显著。
[Abstract]:The sharp increase in active nitrogen content in the Northwest region will lead to a range of ecosystem safety problems. From September 2013 to October 2014, medium-flow atmospheric particulate samplers and passive samplers were used, The atmospheric nitrogen dry deposition of two farmland ecosystems in urban suburb and desert oasis ecotone in Xinjiang was studied quantitatively. The results showed that the atmospheric active nitrogen NH _ 3no _ 2N _ 3no _ 2, particulate state p NH _ 4N _ 4 p no _ 3 and the average annual PM10 concentrations of inhalable particulates were 14.25 ~ 14.41 ~ (5.50) ~ 2.1332.4 渭 g m ~ (-3) and 7.87 ~ 7.151.7.01125.1 渭 g / m ~ (-3), respectively, in suburb and desert oasis ecotone. The total nitrogen dry deposition was 26.05 kg N hm-2 a-1 and 19.54 kg N hm-2 a-1. The annual total fluxes of the gas NH _ 3-N _ 2O _ 2-N and the granular NH _ 4-N _ N no _ 3-N were 12.46 / 3.152.8880 / kg N hm-2 / a-1 and 4.42 / 2.239.80 / 3.10kg N / hm-2 / a-1, respectively, accounting for 4812911% of the total dry deposition and 231150 / L / 16th of the total dry deposition. The results showed that NH3-N deposition was dominant in the farmland ecosystem in the suburbs and the granular NH _ 4-N deposition in the desert-oasis ecotone. The total amount of nitrogen dry deposition in farmland ecosystem in suburb is 1.33 times of that in desert-oasis ecotone, and the amount of NH _ 3-N _ (no _ 2-N) in atmospheric nitrogen component is much higher than that in desert-oasis farmland. The effect of human activities on farmland ecosystem is more significant.
【作者单位】：中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所;中国科学院大学;中国农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究973项目(2014CB954202)资助
【分类号】：S181

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