土壤污染风险评估法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 09:25

本文选题：土壤污染 + 风险评估　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展和高新技术产业的高速运转,我国在土壤污染方面面临着越来越严峻的问题,由于科技的创新性,导致了在土壤污染方面会存在相应的负面影响——未知性和不确定性,同时就伴随着土壤污染风险评估制度,相对于传统的环境问题而言,风险评估制度拥有者其自身的特点——不确定性以及需要极强的专业性。有些学者预测:在不久的将来,随着科技和社会的进一步发展,土壤污染风险评估会成为土壤保护的主旋律。然而在我国国家层面的立法上,相关土壤污染风险评估制度的国家立法才刚刚起步,只有2016年环保部《污染地块土壤环境管理办法(试行)》做出了规定,且也只是针对极为有限的污染地块做出了几条有关土壤污染风险评估和管理的零星、笼统的规定。未能就评估制度的基本原则、形成完整和系统的制度。土壤污染风险评估是一个专业色彩极强的制度,涉及到多学科的交叉和跨越不同领域;土壤污染来源涉及面较广,覆盖的范围较大,土地的类型又繁多复杂,因而这一领域的制度建设成为一个很难攻克的课题。而本文在以上情况的基础下,旨在构建我国的土壤污染风险评估法律制度,从基本原则,评估主体和范围,评估程序和评估效力等五方面进行具体阐述。基本原则包括:合法评估原则、独立评估原则、全面、客观评估原则以及程序正当原则;评估主体包括行政关机以及土地使用权人;评估程序包括:识别-评估-管理;评估效力则涉及到对行政机关的效力、对土地使用权人的效力、对第三方评估机构的效力以及对公众的效力等;评估范围则对其进行类型化,规定具体的地块,活动和相关的物质进行评估。综上所述,希望本文能为我国的土壤污染风险评估法律制度提出较多建设性的意见,从而达到保护我国人体健康和生态安全的宗旨。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the high speed operation of high and new technology industry, China is facing more and more serious problems in soil pollution. Because of the innovation of science and technology, there will be a negative impact on soil pollution, unknown and uncertain, and with the system of soil pollution risk assessment, relative to the tradition. In terms of environmental problems, the risk assessment system has its own characteristics, uncertainty and strong professionalism. Some scholars predict that in the near future, with the further development of science and technology and society, the risk assessment of soil pollution will become the main theme of soil protection. However, the relevant legislation in China is related to the national level. Only the national legislation of the system of soil pollution risk assessment has just started. Only in 2016, the Ministry of environmental protection of the Ministry of environmental protection (Trial) has made a provision, and it has also made several fragmentary and general regulations concerning the risk assessment and management of soil pollution for extremely limited contaminated land. This principle forms a complete and systematic system. The risk assessment of soil pollution is a highly specialized system, involving multidisciplinary intersections and across different fields; the source of soil pollution involves a wide range of areas, large coverage, and many complex types of land, because the system construction in this field has become a difficult task to overcome. On the basis of the above situation, this paper aims to construct the legal system of soil pollution risk assessment in China, and elaborate on the five aspects of the basic principles, the subject and scope of the assessment, the evaluation procedure and the effectiveness of evaluation. The basic principles include the principle of legal assessment, the principle of independent assessment, the principle of comprehensive, objective assessment and the proper procedure. Principle; the evaluation subject includes the administrative shutdown and the owner of the land use rights; the evaluation procedure includes: identification assessment management; the effectiveness of the assessment involves the effectiveness of the administration, the effectiveness of the land-use rights, the effectiveness of the third party evaluation institutions and the effectiveness of the public, and the scope of the assessment is typed and specified. In summary, it is hoped that this article will provide more constructive suggestions for the legal system of soil pollution risk assessment in China, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the health and ecological safety of the human body in China.

【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68

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