都柳江水系沉积物锑等重金属空间分布特征及生态风险

发布时间：2018-04-30 22:34

本文选题：锑 + 重金属　；参考：《环境科学》2017年07期

【摘要】：以都柳江沉积物为研究对象,通过系统采集表层沉积物样品,测定其重金属含量,查明了流域沉积物中重金属空间分布特征,结合主成分分析和相关性分析等统计学方法探讨了都柳江表层水系沉积物中重金属的来源,并利用地累积指数法、富集因子法和生态风险指数法评估了沉积物中重金属污染状况及其潜在生态风险.结果表明:(1)都柳江表层沉积物中Sb含量极高,可达7 080 mg·kg~(-1),且从上游到下游呈现逐渐降低的趋势,As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mo、Ni、Pb、Tl和Zn等含量变化不大;(2)主成分分析提取的两个因子的累积贡献率达到77.67%,表明沉积物中重金属来源主要包括:矿业活动和自然源等;(3)地累积指数和富集因子表明,都柳江水系沉积物中Sb污染最为严重,其次是As和Cd,Co、Cu、Mo、Ni、Pb、Tl和Zn的污染较轻,未受Cr污染;(4)各金属Hakanson潜在生态风险指数(Eir)依次为SbCdAsCoNiPbCuZnCr,而重金属综合潜在生态风险指数(RI)结果表明,中度生态风险及以上等级的样品约占58.1%,严重生态风险等级的样点主要集中在受锑矿采选冶活动影响和支流八洛河汇入后等周边采样点位;都柳江流域各重金属生态风险指数在综合指数中占主导地位的是Sb,表明Sb在都柳江流域水系沉积物中具有极强的生态风险性.
[Abstract]:Taking the sediment of Duliujiang River as the research object, the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the sediments of the river basin were determined by systematically collecting the surface sediment samples and determining the heavy metal contents in the sediments. Combined with principal component analysis and correlation analysis, the sources of heavy metals in the surface sediments of the Duliujiang River were discussed, and the ground accumulation index method was used. Enrichment factor method and ecological risk index method were used to evaluate the pollution status and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments. The results show that the content of SB in the surface sediments of Duliujiang River is very high. The cumulative contribution rate of the two factors extracted by principal component analysis (PCA) was 77.67, indicating that the heavy metals in the sediments were mainly from the ore deposits, which showed a decreasing trend from the upstream to the downstream. The contents of the two factors, such as Tl and Zn, were not much changed by the principal component analysis. The results showed that the main sources of heavy metals in the sediments were as follows: (1) the main sources of heavy metals in the sediments were as follows: The accumulation index and enrichment factor of industrial activities and natural sources indicate that, The pollution of SB in sediment of Duliujiang River was the most serious, followed by the pollution of as and CD CoCoCU CuMoMo NiPbN TL and Zn, and the potential ecological risk index of metal Hakanson was SbCdAsCoNiPbCuZnCr4), and the result of heavy metal comprehensive potential ecological risk index (Ri) showed that the pollution of SB in the sediments of Duliujiang River was the most serious. The samples of moderate ecological risk and above grade are about 58.1, and the samples of serious ecological risk grade mainly focus on the peripheral sampling points affected by the separation and metallurgy activities of antimony ore and the tributaries of Baloo River. The ecological risk index of heavy metals in the Duliujiang River Basin is dominated by SB, which indicates that SB has a strong ecological risk in the sediments of the river system in the Duliujiang River Basin.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;广州大学珠江三角洲水质安全与保护协同创新中心;珠江流域水环境监测中心;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201501011) 环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201509051) 国家自然科学基金项目(41103080) 贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2010]2235号)
【分类号】：X52

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