石家庄市环境空气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）的特征研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 13:39

本文选题：环境空气 + 挥发性有机物　；参考：《河北科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)在大气化学中扮演重要角色,是形成光化学烟雾的重要前体物,也是PM2.5的重要前体物之一,对一些区域环境问题,如二次有机污染和人体暴露健康效应等都有重要影响。另外,大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)还可以通过呼吸系统和皮肤进入人体危害健康,部分物种已被确定为具有致癌和致畸性。因此,研究城市大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)浓度、组成特征、识别影响城市空气质量的关键活性组分对科学制定有效的控制对策有着重要的科学意义。本论文以石家庄市八个空气自动站点为研究区域,对高新区、22中南校区、人民会堂、世纪公园、西南高教、职工医院、西北水源7个点位以及1个背景点位封龙山的实验室分析数据,研究了石家庄市大气挥发性有机物(TVOC)的污染特征、污染水平及时空变化规律,分析了TVOC与AQI、臭氧、PM2.5等的相关性,计算了大气挥发性有机物的臭氧生成潜势,提出了石家庄市大气挥发性有机物优先控制清单,并以此给出了石家庄市大气挥发性有机物污染防治对策。综合考虑检出率、贡献率、人体健康危害性、生态环境危害性、来源和用途,选择11种物质作为需要优先控制的特征污染物。依次为:丙烯醛、甲苯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、萘、苯、二甲苯、六氯-1.3-丁二烯、乙酸乙烯酯、2-丁酮、丙酮、乙苯。
[Abstract]:VOC) plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry, is an important precursor of photochemical smog, and is one of the important precursors of PM2.5. For example, secondary organic pollution and health effects of human body exposure have important effects. In addition, VOC can also enter human health through respiratory system and skin, and some species have been identified as carcinogenic and teratogenic. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance to study the concentration and composition characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban atmosphere and to identify the key active components that affect the quality of urban air. This paper takes eight air automatic stations in Shijiazhuang as the research area, and makes a study on the central and southern campus, people's Hall, Century Park, Southwest higher Education, staff and Workers Hospital of the New and High-tech Zone, The pollution characteristics, pollution level and temporal and spatial variation of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (TVOC) in Shijiazhuang city were studied, and the correlation between TVOC and AQI, ozone and PM2.5 were analyzed. The ozone formation potential of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) was calculated, and the priority control list of VOC in Shijiazhuang was put forward, and the countermeasures for preventing and controlling atmospheric VOC pollution in Shijiazhuang City were given. Considering the detection rate, contribution rate, human health hazard, ecological environment hazard, source and use, 11 kinds of substances were selected as characteristic pollutants which need to be controlled first. The sequence is: acrolein, toluene, methyl methacrylate, naphthalene, benzene, xylene, hexachloro-1.3 butadiene, vinyl acetate 2-butanone, acetone, ethylbenzene.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51

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