铁碳内电解耦合人工湿地处理分散式农村污水的试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 01:11

本文选题：铁碳内电解 + 人工湿地　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,在中国处理分散式农村污水的问题已经得到广泛的关注。截至2014年,不少未经处理的生活污水容易通过点源和非点源排放,严重污染各类水源,导致出现了包括蓝藻水华等诸多生态环境问题。因此为提高当前农村区域污水的处理技术,提出了新型的铁碳耦合人工湿地系统技术。本文通过对比研究处理模拟分散式农村生活污水,研究了铁碳内电解耦合人工湿地生态处理工艺的除污效能。经过半年的植培养生长,待植物生长稳定后,通过改变停留时间分别研究了启动阶段及出水稳定阶段的COD、磷酸盐和氨氮的浓度,并利用SAS科学统计分析方法,比较了不同植物系统之间的出水中不同因子浓度方面的显著性差异,以用于对比ICCW与CW在污水处理性能方面的异同。首先研究发现,在启动阶段,第一天的时候,ICCW系统较CW的COD及磷酸盐出水浓度低,说明铁碳对COD的去除有增强作用,并且发现,在改变停留时间后,所有系统在6天之内,COD、磷酸盐及氨氮的出水浓度能够达到稳定。另外,在稳定阶段,通过连续定时采集分析出水的方法,分析了稳定阶段植物系统的出水指标。在pH方面,新型的ICCW系统较传统的CW系统的出水pH增强。由于ICCW系统出水pH较大,意味着新型系统有处理酸性废水的潜能。在磷酸盐的去除方面,铁碳微电解对相对于传统人工湿地,具有较高的去除率,在HRT停留时间在1天的时候,就能达到一级A,因此还具有较高的磷去除负荷空间。另外,在去除率方面:由于分散式农村生活污水中,具有较少的有机磷,因此模拟污水中目前只加入了无机磷作为试验条件,因而本文中只对出水的无机磷进行测定。当HRT为3天的时候,ICCW系统对PO43-的去除率平均可达97.55%,效果最好,无论是CW系统或是ICCW系统,风车草对PO43-去除效果都非常优异,新型耦合铁碳系统中氢氧化铁胶体对磷的去除具有良好的吸附与絮凝作用,铁碳微电解对废水中的污染物降解及吸附的效果理想。另外,垂直流湿地能实现对农村生活污水的连续处理,管理简单,对污水中有机物仍有较好的去除效果,去除效率为85%左右,出水CODcr浓度低于50mg/L;对N、P具有一定的净化作用,磷酸盐的去除效果稳定,效率约为90%。通过将廉价的碳粉与铁粉制备成铁碳填料,并加入至填料柱中,实现对COD、P043-的去除效果,优于单一人工湿地的处理,且去除效果有稳定趋势。在不加铁碳的状态下,填料柱对污水的TP去除不明显,出水TP的浓度相比其他处理效果最差。当水力停留时间为3天时,新型铁碳系统对COD与磷酸盐的去除率分别为95.80%与97.55%,此时对应的CW系统的COD与磷酸盐的去除率分别为66.74%与90.48%。此时起作用的主要是微生物,铁碳内电解可以提高处理效率。在加入铁碳的处理中,填料柱对COD的去除效果好于不加铁碳的处理,维持在85%以上。铁碳耦合人工湿地工艺对COD、PO43-有良好的去除的效果和稳定的处理趋势,因此通过实际生活污水的试验发现,通过铁碳与人工系统耦合建立的新型人工系统,具有处理效率高与处理性能稳定的优点,同时由于处理效率高,因此一定可以减少湿地面积,达到减少建设面积与建造费用的目的,同时降低了传统人工湿地处理性能易受病虫害影响性能的风险,提高了系统的稳定性。同时,铁碳内电解具有优良的降解性能,因此未来新型系统在农药废水、印染废水及制药废水等处理领域将具有广泛应用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of dealing with distributed rural sewage in China has been widely paid attention. As of 2014, many untreated sewage can easily be discharged through the point source and non point source, causing serious pollution of various water sources, leading to the emergence of many ecological environmental problems, including cyanobacteria bloom, and so on. In this paper, a new type of iron carbon coupled artificial wetland system technology is put forward. In this paper, by comparing and studying the simulated decentralized rural domestic sewage, the removal efficiency of the ecological treatment process of iron carbon internal electrolysis coupled artificial wetland is studied. After half a year of plant growth and growth, the residence time is studied by changing the residence time. The concentration of COD, phosphate and ammonia nitrogen in the starting stage and the stable stage of the effluent and the statistical analysis method of SAS were used to compare the significant differences in the concentration of different factors in the effluent of different plant systems, in order to compare the similarities and differences between ICCW and CW in the performance of sewage treatment. At the time of the day, the ICCW system is lower than the CW COD and phosphate effluent, indicating that the iron carbon has an enhanced effect on the removal of COD. And it is found that the effluent concentration of COD, phosphate and ammonia can be stable within 6 days after changing the residence time. The effluent index of the plant system in the stable stage is analyzed. In pH, the new ICCW system is better than the traditional CW system. Due to the larger pH of the ICCW system, the new system has the potential to deal with the acid wastewater. In the aspect of phosphate removal, the iron carbon micro electrolysis has a high removal rate for the traditional artificial wetland. When the HRT residence time is 1 days, the first order A can be reached, so it also has a higher phosphorus removal load space. In addition, in the aspect of removal rate, because of the small amount of organophosphorus in the dispersed rural domestic sewage, only inorganic phosphorus is added in the simulated sewage as the test condition, so only the inorganic phosphorus in the effluent is added into this paper. When HRT is 3 days, the average removal rate of ICCW system to PO43- is up to 97.55%, and the effect is best. The removal efficiency of PO43- is excellent both in CW system and in ICCW system. The new coupling iron carbon system has good adsorption and flocculation effect on phosphorus removal and iron carbon micro electrolysis in Wastewater. The effect of degradation and adsorption of pollutants is ideal. In addition, vertical flow wetland can achieve continuous treatment of rural domestic sewage. It has simple management and good removal effect on organic matter in sewage. The removal efficiency is about 85%, the concentration of CODcr in effluent is lower than 50mg/L; N, P has a certain purification effect, and the removal efficiency of phosphate is stable and efficient. The removal efficiency of COD and P043- is better than that of single artificial wetland, and the removal effect has a stable trend. In the state of non iron carbon, the removal of TP in sewage is not obvious, and the concentration of TP in the effluent is compared with other treatment effects in the state of 90%. without iron carbon. When the hydraulic retention time is 3 days, the removal rate of COD and phosphate is 95.80% and 97.55% respectively. At this time, the COD and phosphate removal rate of the corresponding CW system is 66.74% and 90.48%. at this time is mainly microorganism, and the iron carbon internal electrolysis can improve the processing efficiency. The removal efficiency of COD is better than that of non iron carbon treatment, maintaining more than 85%. The iron carbon coupled artificial wetland has a good removal effect and a stable treatment trend for COD and PO43-. Therefore, the new artificial system established by the coupling of iron carbon and artificial system has been found to have high treatment efficiency by the experiment of actual domestic sewage. With the advantages of stable performance and high efficiency, it can reduce the area of wetland, reduce the construction area and construction cost, and reduce the risk of the performance of the traditional artificial wetland, which is easily affected by diseases and insect pests, and improve the stability of the system. At the same time, the iron carbon internal electrolysis has excellent degradability. Therefore, the new system in the future will be widely used in the fields of pesticide wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

【参考文献】