南水北调中线核心区土地利用变化及其生态环境响应研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 11:38

本文选题：土地利用变化 + 森林转型　；参考：《地球信息科学学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：本文以南水北调中线工程核心水源区淅川县为例,选取2004年TM、2014年GF1号影像等数据,解译获取了淅川县土地利用数据,对2004-2014年淅川县土地利用变化进行定量分析。通过选用区域生态环境质量模型,对研究期内淅川县土地利用变化的生态环境效应进行评估,并采用灰色关联法对导致淅川县生态环境质量变化的驱动因素进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)2004-2014年,林地、建设用地和水域面积增加,耕地面积减少。在林地资源演化趋势上,有林地、疏林地、灌木林地和苗圃地与林地资源的整体演化格局一致,而宜林地和无立木林地、未成林造林地呈减少的趋势;(2)在空间分布上,林地主要分布在海拔高、坡度较陡的北部山区,耕地和建设用地密集分布于海拔低、相对平缓的东南部地区;(3)2004年和2014年2期生态环境质量均在县域内表现出明显的空间差异,呈现出北高南低的分布趋势。研究期内淅川县区域生态环境质量指数从0.5443上升至0.6039,生态环境质量提高,其中宜林地和无立木林地转化为有林地、退耕还林对区域生态环境改善贡献最大;(4)局部地区生态环境呈负向发展,其中对森林资源采取掠夺式开采和粗放型管理、毁林开地对县域生态环境产生的负面影响最为深刻。(5)2004-2014年县域生态环境质量变化主要由政策和居民追求利益最大化的行为所驱动。
[Abstract]:Taking Xichuan County, the core water source area of the South-to-North Water diversion Project, as an example, the data of land use in Xichuan County from 2004 to 2014 are selected and the land use data of Xichuan County from 2004 to 2014 are interpreted and obtained, and the land use changes in Xichuan County from 2004 to 2014 are analyzed quantitatively. The eco-environmental effects of land use change in Xichuan County during the study period were evaluated by using the regional eco-environmental quality model, and the driving factors leading to the change of ecological environmental quality in Xichuan County were analyzed by using the grey correlation method. The results show that the area of woodland, construction land and water area increases and the area of cultivated land decreases from 2004 to 2014. In the evolutional trend of forestland resources, the overall evolutional pattern of forestland, thinly forested land, shrub land and nursery land is consistent with that of forestland resource, while the suitable woodland and non-stand woodland have a decreasing tendency of unforested woodland. (2) the spatial distribution of woodland, shrub land and nursery land is similar to that of forestland. The woodland was mainly distributed in the northern mountainous area with high altitude and steep slope, and the cultivated land and construction land were densely distributed at low altitude, and the ecological environment quality of the two periods in 2004 and 2014 showed obvious spatial differences in the county area. There is a distribution trend of north high and south low. During the study period, the regional eco-environmental quality index of Xichuan County increased from 0.5443 to 0.6039, and the eco-environmental quality was improved, among which the suitable woodland and the non-standing woodland were converted into woodland. The conversion of farmland to forestry contributes most to the improvement of regional ecological environment. (4) the local ecological environment develops negatively, in which predatory exploitation and extensive management of forest resources are adopted. The negative impact of deforestation on county ecological environment is the most profound. The change of ecological environment quality in county area from 2004 to 2014 is mainly driven by the policy and the behavior of residents pursuing the maximization of benefits.
【作者单位】：重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院;三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室;国家林业局调查规划设计院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作基金项目(41161140352) 教育部人文社科青年基金项目(10YJCZH122)
【分类号】：F301.2;X171.1

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