我国大气重金属干湿沉降特征及时空变化规律

发布时间：2018-05-12 09:50

  本文选题：大气沉降 + 重金属　； 参考：《中国环境科学》2017年11期

【摘要】：通过中国知网、ISI Web of Science、万方、维普和Google scholar数据库,检索1995~2015年公开发表的关于我国大气重金属元素沉降的文献,分析研究我国大气干、湿沉降中重金属元素含量特征及时空变化,大气重金属沉降通量特征及时空变化.文献数据统计分析结果表明:近20年来我国大气降尘中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Ni、Hg的均值或中位值含量均超过GB15618-1995《土壤环境质量标准》中的一级标准值,超标倍数分别为3.0、7.4、7.9、1.1、16.5、1.5、1.2、2.3倍;我国大气降水中Pb、Hg含量的均值或中位值超过我国地表水Ⅰ类水质标准;与1995~2005年相比,2006~2015年我国大气降尘中Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Mn、Ni均值或中位值含量降低了32%~50%;我国南方大气降尘中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni和Hg的平均含量较北方高出60.9%、44.2%、137.5%、34.2%、68.0%、7.3%和25.0%,而As和Mn则低于北方;我国大气干湿沉降中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Mn、Ni、Hg的年沉降通量均值或中位值分别为(10.99±14.74),(78.87±313.23),(21.81±64.53),(10.38±48.10),(0.37±1.84),(2.54±3.85),(48.00±193.40),(4.79±13.56),(0.04±0.16)mg/(m2·a);与1995~2005年相比,2006~2015年我国大气干湿沉降中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Mn的沉降通量均值或中位值分别高出了11.6%、37.3%、39.1%、95.9%、117.6%,As、Ni、Hg的沉降通量均值或中位值分别降低了41.0%、21.8%、50.0%;我国北方Cu、Zn、Cr、As、Mn、Ni的沉降通量均值或中位值较南方高出42.6%、16.3%、96.8%、130.5%、307.1%、124.2%,而南方的Pb、Cd沉降通量均值或中位值高出北方22.9%、30.3%.在控制土壤重金属大气干湿沉降污染源时应优先针对Cd、Pb、Hg采取措施.
[Abstract]:Based on the Web of Science, Wanfang, Weip and Google scholar databases of China, this paper searched the literature published from 1995 to 2015 on the deposition of heavy metal elements in the atmosphere of China, and analyzed and studied the characteristics and temporal and spatial changes of heavy metal elements in dry and wet deposition of the atmosphere in China. Characteristics of atmospheric heavy metal deposition fluxes and temporal and spatial variations. The results of statistical analysis of literature data show that the average or median values of CuOZnPbPbCU / CrPbPbC / CrPbCU / NII / Hg in recent 20 years are higher than those of the first class standard of GB15618-1995 (soil Environmental quality Standard), and the ratio of exceeding the standard is 3. 0 / 7. 4 / 7. 9 / 1 / 1 / 16.51.52 / 2 / 2. 3 times, respectively. The average or median value of PBG Hg content in the precipitation of China is higher than the water quality standard of class I of surface water in China. Compared with that from 1995 to 2005, the average value or median value of PbCrCrCrCrcdcdcdcdcdcdcdcnmnmnnn in atmospheric dust fall in our country decreased by 320.500.The average contents of CuOZnPbPbPbPbPbCrncncdncdcdcncdcdcdcncdcncdcncdcncncn and Hg in the south of China were higher than those in the north by 60.99.2137.5C and 25.0%, while the contents of as and mn were lower than those in the north. 鎴戝浗澶ф皵骞叉箍娌夐檷涓瑿u,Zn,Pb,Cr,Cd,As,Mn,Ni,Hg鐨勫勾娌夐檷閫氶噺鍧囧，

本文编号：1878127