云南高原典型固定燃烧源烟气排放颗粒物组分特征研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 12:02

本文选题：云南高原 + PM_(2.5)　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的飞速发展,城市化建设步伐的加速,以煤炭和石油为主的能源消耗量不断攀升,导致大气颗粒物污染现象频发,已成为全国各大中城市污染的首要问题,已经危及到了人民的日常生活和身心健康。为了有效防治大气颗粒物的污染,需要对其来源进行准确判断,而清晰认识的源排放特征是关键一环。因此,本研究初步探讨了云南高原典型固定燃烧源烟气排放颗粒物组分特征,建立和完善了云南高原大气颗粒物(PM10和PM2.5)本地化固定燃烧源成分谱,对高原地区大气颗粒物来源解析和排放清单建立提供基础数据。本文以云南高原玉溪市固定燃烧源为研究对象,使用二级稀释通道采样器采集工业锅炉(以生物质为燃料)、工业锅炉(以煤炭为燃料)、焦炉、水泥窑炉、钢铁高炉和钢铁烧结机等重点燃烧源烟气中大气细颗粒物PM10和PM2.5样品,分析39种无机元素、9种水溶性无机离子、碳组分和16种优控的多环芳烃的含量;比较了不同源类不同粒径颗粒上组分含量、成分谱组成、标识组分、特征比值等之间的差异;本文的主要结论为:(1)焦炉排放的烟气中PM2.5和PM10的质量浓度最高,而水泥窑炉排放的烟气中PM2.5和PM10的质量浓度最低;焦炉排放的烟气中PM2.5和PM10中PAHs的质量浓度也最高;(2)SO_4~(2-)、OC、地壳元素、NO_3~-和微量元素等分别在烧结机、工业锅炉(生物质)、水泥窑炉、工业锅炉(煤炭)和钢铁(高炉)等固定燃烧源排放颗粒物的已知组分中占比最高,各固定燃烧源排放颗粒物中PAHs均4环为主;(3)除工业锅炉(生物质)外,本研究筛选出Pry/BaP、BbF/BkF和BaA/BaP等来指示该地区固定燃煤源。另外,BkF可作为该地区工业锅炉(生物质)的标志物,Flu可作为工业锅炉(煤炭)的标志物;(4)分歧系数表明,不同类型不同粒径的颗粒物无机组分或PAHs组分成分谱之间大部分可能相似,且燃烧类型的不同对固定燃烧源排放细颗粒物组分特征影响较大,燃料类型的不同对固定燃烧源排放PM2.5无机组分和PM10的PAHs组分特征影响更大。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and the acceleration of urbanization construction, the energy consumption, mainly of coal and oil, is rising, which leads to the frequent pollution of atmospheric particulates, which has become the primary problem of pollution in large and medium-sized cities in China. Has endangered the people's daily life and physical and mental health. In order to effectively control the pollution of atmospheric particulates, it is necessary to accurately judge the source of particulate matter, and a clear understanding of the characteristics of source emissions is the key. Therefore, the characteristics of particulate composition from flue gas from typical fixed combustion sources in Yunnan Plateau were discussed, and the composition spectra of PM _ (10) and PM _ (2.5) were established and improved. To provide basic data for source analysis and emission inventory of atmospheric particulate matter in plateau area. In this paper, the fixed combustion source in Yuxi City, Yunnan Plateau is used as the research object. The industrial boiler (using biomass as fuel, industrial boiler (coal as fuel, coke oven, cement kiln) is collected by two-stage dilute channel sampler. The PM10 and PM2.5 samples of atmospheric fine particles in the flue gas of iron and steel blast furnace and iron and steel sintering machine were analyzed. The contents of 39 inorganic elements, 9 water-soluble inorganic ions, carbon components and 16 superior controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. The differences of composition content, composition spectrum, marker component and characteristic ratio between different particle size particles of different homology were compared. The main conclusion of this paper is that the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the flue gas from coke oven is the highest. The mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the flue gas from cement kiln is the lowest, and the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in the flue gas from coke oven is the highest. The mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 is also the highest. The crustal elements such as no _ 3- and trace elements are sintered in sintering machine, industrial boiler (biomass plant, cement kiln, etc.) Industrial boilers (coal) and iron and steel (blast furnaces) have the highest proportion of the known components of particles emitted from fixed combustion sources. The PAHs 4 rings of the particles emitted from each fixed combustion source are mainly 4 rings, except for industrial boilers (biomass). In this study, Pry / BaP- BbF / BkF and BaA/BaP were selected to indicate fixed coal sources in the region. In addition, BKF can be used as a marker of industrial boiler (biomass) in this area and Flu can be used as a marker of industrial boiler (coal). Most of the composition spectra of inorganic or PAHs components of particulate matter of different types and different diameters may be similar, and the different combustion types have a great influence on the characteristics of fine particulate matter components emitted from fixed combustion sources. Different fuel types have a greater effect on the characteristics of PM2.5 inorganic components and PAHs components of PM10 from stationary combustion sources.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X513

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