两级厌氧系统处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 03:17

本文选题：垃圾渗滤液 + UASB反应器　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：垃圾焚烧技术是目前生活垃圾处理的一种新趋势,既符合我国可持续发展的要求,又适合我国土地资源紧缺和人口密度高的现状,但垃圾渗滤液的处理成为一个关键问题。垃圾渗滤液具有有机污染物含量高且成分复杂、金属离子含量高、氨氮含量高、磷含量过低,且碳氮磷比例失调等特点。渗滤液中还有一些病原微生物和致癌物质,不但会对人类的身体健康带来危害,还会对生态环境造成污染,因此必须对垃圾渗滤液进行妥善有效的处理。本课题以开封某生活垃圾焚烧厂垃圾渗滤液为研究对象,采用两级厌氧技术,研究了两级厌氧系统对垃圾渗滤液的处理效果,以及处理过程中颗粒污泥特性的变化和反应器的酸化过程,为垃圾渗滤液处理技术的应用提供了科学依据。以两级厌氧系统对垃圾渗滤液进行处理,进水COD浓度为8946~57853mg/L,一级反应器容积负荷为8.78~15kgCOD/(m3·d)时,一级反应器COD去除率为55.2~88.7%;二级反应器容积负荷为2.11~4.64kgCOD/(m3·d)时,二级反应器COD去除率为46.2~87.5%,两级UASB反应器对COD的整体去除率为90.3~96.2%。两级UASB反应器运行状况良好时,进水挥发酸浓度为54~121mmol/L,出水挥发酸浓度稳定在2~3.5mmol/L。一级反应器出水pH值为7.2~8.6,二级反应器出水pH值为7.6~8.8。通过对两级UASB反应器进出水钙镁合量和颗粒污泥的特性变化进行分析,可得出以下结论。进水钙镁合量为79.17~89.16mmol/L,经过两级UASB反应器处理后,出水钙镁合量可降低至10.69~16.83mmol/L,其中绝大部分的钙镁累积在一级反应器内。反应器运行第109天,一级反应器中颗粒污泥钙镁合量由4.732mg/gSS升高至109.605mg/gSS,颗粒污泥产甲烷活性较第78天颗粒污泥有所降低;二级反应器中颗粒污泥钙镁合量由4.169mg/gSS升高至41.895mg/gSS,颗粒污泥产甲烷活性较第78天颗粒污泥基本不变。两级厌氧系统发生酸化后,降低其容积负荷和进水浓度,两级厌氧系统能够很快恢复较高的处理效率。
[Abstract]:MSW incineration technology is a new trend of domestic waste treatment, which not only meets the requirements of sustainable development in China, but also suits the current situation of land resources shortage and high population density. However, the treatment of landfill leachate has become a key issue. Landfill leachate has the characteristics of high organic pollutant content, complex composition, high metal ion content, high ammonia nitrogen content, low phosphorus content, and disproportion of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. There are also some pathogenic microorganisms and carcinogens in leachate which will not only harm human health but also pollute the ecological environment. Therefore the leachate must be properly and effectively treated. Taking the landfill leachate of a domestic waste incineration plant in Kaifeng as the research object, the two-stage anaerobic technology was used to study the treatment effect of the two-stage anaerobic system on the landfill leachate. The change of granular sludge characteristics and the acidification process of the reactor provide scientific basis for the application of landfill leachate treatment technology. The landfill leachate was treated with a two-stage anaerobic system. When the influent COD concentration was 8946 ~ 57853 mg / L and the volumetric load of the first stage reactor was 8.78~15kgCOD/(m3 _ d, the removal rate of COD in the first stage reactor was 55.2 ~ 88.7 and the volume load of the secondary reactor was 2.11~4.64kgCOD/(m3 _ d. The removal rate of COD in secondary reactor was 46.2% and 87.5% in two-stage UASB reactor. The overall removal rate of COD in two-stage UASB reactor was 90.3% 96.2%. When the two-stage UASB reactor is in good condition, the concentration of volatile acid in the influent is 54 ~ 121mmol / L, and the concentration of volatile acid in effluent is stable at 2 ~ 3.5mmol路 L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The effluent pH value of primary reactor and secondary reactor was 7.2 ~ 8.6and 7.6 ~ 8.8respectively. Based on the analysis of calcium magnesium content and the characteristics of granular sludge in two-stage UASB reactor, the following conclusions can be drawn. The influent calcium / magnesium content was 79.17 ~ 89.16 mmol / L, and after two-stage UASB reactor treatment, the effluent Ca / mg content could be reduced to 10.69 ~ 16.83 mmol / L, most of which were accumulated in the first-order reactor. On the 109th day of operation, the calcium and magnesium content of granular sludge increased from 4.732mg/gSS to 109.605 mg / g SS. the methanogenic activity of granular sludge was lower than that of 78th day. The calcium magnesium content of granular sludge in the secondary reactor increased from 4.169mg/gSS to 41.895 mg / g SS.The methanogenic activity of granular sludge was almost unchanged compared with that of granular sludge on the 78th day. After acidification occurs in the two-stage anaerobic system, the volumetric load and the influent concentration of the two-stage anaerobic system can be reduced, and the two-stage anaerobic system can quickly recover a higher treatment efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

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