为去除工业废气中氮氧化物（NO_x）筛

发布时间：2018-05-19 16:30

本文选题：微藻 + 氮氧化物　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：微藻在生长过程中可利用燃煤烟气中的CO2作为碳源,从而去除燃煤烟气中CO2,减少温室气体的排放。氮氧化物(NOx)是燃煤烟气中另外一种污染物,它有毒性,能抑制藻类生长。因此,本研究的目的是确定不同藻类对氮氧化物(NOx)的耐受性及藻类对高浓度氮氧化物(NOx)环境的适应性,从而利用微藻去除工业废气中氮氧化物(NOx)。为了确保对微藻筛选和驯化过程的效率,开发了一种新的微泡诱导藻类筛选系统。研究结果表明,对比于常规的锥形瓶和传统反应器,该系统的混合、循环和质量传递大大增强,微泡诱导系统的KLa值是传统反应器的4倍。该研究的结果还表明,应用微泡诱导系统可以增加藻类生长速率,比传统反应器中的相对生长速率约高20%。研究筛选系统发现,在1.22m/s的气体流速下,藻类的生长速率最高。研究筛选了 12种藻株,即小球藻(Chlorella protothecoides)、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)、莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomas reinhardtii)、小球藻淡水(Chlorella sp.)、微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)、微绿球藻淡水(Nannochloropsis oculata)、盐藻(Dunaliella sp.)、小球藻F5(Chlorella sp.)滇池草海杂藻、滇池排污入口杂藻。研究发现氮氧化物(NOx)浓度为12870mg/m3时,几乎对所有藻株都有抑制作用,但小球藻(Chlorella protothecoides)、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)、小球藻淡水(Chlorellasp.)、盐藻(Dunaliella sp.)6种微藻对氮氧化物(NOx)耐受性比较强,进一步研究小球藻(Chlorella protothecoides)、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliuus)对氮氧化物(NOx)的适应能力。通过在不同氮氧化物(NOx)浓度(9900 mg/m3,12870mg/m3)下测量藻类生物质的生长速率,研究微藻对氮氧化物(NOx)的适应能力。研究发现,此氮氧化物(NOx)浓度对4种微藻都有抑制作用,但通过两次驯化,都表现出比较强的适应能力,尤其是小球藻(Chlorella protothecoides)、斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)的适应能力显著增长。还通过NMR和GC-MS研究了氮氧化物(NOx)对微藻脂质生产的影响,并在本论文中进行了讨论。
[Abstract]:In the process of growth, microalgae can use CO2 from coal-fired flue gas as carbon source to remove CO2 from coal-fired flue gas and reduce greenhouse gas emission. Nitric oxide (NOX) is another pollutant in coal-fired flue gas, which is toxic and can inhibit algae growth. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the tolerance of different algae to nitric oxide (no _ x) and the adaptability of algae to the environment of high concentration of no _ x, so as to remove no _ x _ XO _ (2) from industrial waste gas by microalgae. In order to ensure the efficiency of microalgae screening and acclimation, a new microbubble induced algal screening system was developed. The results show that compared with the conventional conical bottle and conventional reactor, the mixing, circulation and mass transfer of the system are greatly enhanced, and the KLa value of the microbubble induction system is 4 times that of the traditional reactor. The results also show that the microbubble induction system can increase the growth rate of algae, which is about 20% higher than that in the traditional reactor. The screening system showed that the algae growth rate was the highest at the gas flow rate of 1.22m/s. Twelve species of algae, Chlorella protoidesus, Chlorella pyrenoidosaer, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquusa, Chlamydomas reinhardtiiana, Chlorella sp., Nannochloropsis oculatataa, Dunaliella sp., F5(Chlorella sp., Chlorella sp., Nannochloropsis oculataa, Dunaliella sp., F5(Chlorella sp.) Dianchi Caohai miscellaneous algae, Dianchi sewage import miscellaneous algae. It was found that when the concentration of no _ x was 12870mg/m3, it could inhibit almost all algae strains. However, Chlorella protothecoidesus, Chlorella pyrenoidosaer, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquusa, Chlorellasp.and Dunaliella sp.)6 have stronger tolerance to nitrogen oxides. The adaptability of Chlorella protothecoidesus, Chlopyrenoidosae, Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliuusto no _ x) was further studied. The growth rate of algae biomass was measured at 9900 mg / m ~ (3) N _ (2) O _ (x) concentration to study the adaptability of microalgae to nitric oxide (no _ (x). It was found that the concentration of no _ x inhibited the four species of microalgae, but the adaptation ability of Chlorella protothecoideschus and Scenedesmus obliquus increased significantly after two acclimation. The effects of no _ x on lipid production of microalgae were studied by NMR and GC-MS, and discussed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X701;X173

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