基于RIE三层模型的碳排放权分配方案研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 09:38

本文选题：碳排放权 + 碳排区划　；参考：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球应对气候问题、减小温室效应的背景下,如何控制二氧化碳的排放已成为世界各国探讨的热点。我国政府于2009年正式承诺"2020年碳排放强度比2005年下降40%～45%"的减排目标。但是,我国地域辽阔、区域发展不均衡,尤其在经济发展水平、生态环境状况、企业类型等方面各区域存在显著差异,平均下放减排责任的方式在实际操作和社会公平上都有所欠缺。因此,为有效控制碳排放总量,考虑区域、产业和企业的差异,有两大急需深入研究的问题:(1)如何设计有效的碳排权分配方案;(2)如何从公平、效率和可持续角度研究碳排放权的优化分配。针对这两个问题,本文在以往研究成果的基础上,研究全国碳排放权的逐级分配及优化。本文的主要研究内容包括:(1)通过对现有研究的总结和各地碳排放现状的分析,考虑区域(Region)、产业(Industry)和企业(Enterprise)的差异,提出RIE三层分配理念。基于该理念,提出一种新的全国碳排放水平区域规划方案,该区划方案打破传统行政边界,将具有相似碳排放特征的地区归入同一区域。(2)运用logistic曲线和协调度模型构建区域层面的碳排放权分配模型,引入环境极限因素,使得分配结果能够兼顾区域的经济发展与生态保护。运用熵权法构建行业层面的碳排放权的分配模型,将行业异质性量化表出,从而计算行业减排量。类比玻尔兹曼分布构建企业层面的碳排放权分配模型,将企业间的碳排放权市场抽象成理想气体模型,碳排放权的下放将受企业历史排放责任和排放强度共同作用。(3)以1998-2012年的《中国能源统计年鉴》、《中国人口统计年鉴》及G地区碳减排工作年报为数据做实证分析,实证结果表明基于RIE三层模型的碳排放权分配方案能够在区域层面的分配中避免传统分配中的片面性;能够在行业层面的分配中,得到优于祖父法、等比例法的分配结果;能够在企业层面的分配中,达到适度惩罚高碳排企业、奖励低碳排企业的效果。(4)以实证分析为基础,从分配方案、发展理念两方面为区域、行业、企业提出减排建议。
[Abstract]:In the context of global climate problem and Greenhouse Effect reduction, how to control carbon dioxide emissions has become a hot topic all over the world. In 2009, our government officially pledged to reduce carbon emissions by 40% and 45% compared with 2005. However, China has a vast territory and uneven regional development, especially in terms of the level of economic development, the state of the ecological environment, the type of enterprises, and so on. The average way to devolve responsibility for reducing emissions is lacking in practice and social equity. Therefore, in order to effectively control the total amount of carbon emissions and consider regional, industrial and enterprise differences, there are two major issues that need to be studied in depth: 1) how to design an effective carbon emission rights allocation scheme? The optimal allocation of carbon emission rights is studied from the perspective of efficiency and sustainability. Aiming at these two problems, this paper studies the distribution and optimization of national carbon emission rights on the basis of previous research results. The main research contents of this paper include: (1) by summarizing the existing research and analyzing the present situation of carbon emission in different regions, considering the differences between region, industry and enterprise, the paper puts forward the idea of RIE three-layer distribution. Based on this idea, a new regional plan of national carbon emission level is proposed, which breaks the traditional administrative boundary. The region with similar carbon emission characteristics is classified into the same area. (2) using logistic curve and coordination degree model, the carbon emission rights allocation model at the regional level is constructed, and the environmental limit factor is introduced. So that the distribution results can take into account the regional economic development and ecological protection. The entropy method is used to construct the allocation model of carbon emission rights at the industry level, and the heterogeneity of the industry is quantified to calculate the emission reduction in the industry. By analogy with Boltzmann distribution, the carbon emission rights distribution model at the enterprise level is constructed, and the carbon emission rights market between enterprises is abstracted into an ideal gas model. The decentralization of carbon emission rights will be affected by the joint action of enterprise's historical emission responsibility and emission intensity.) empirical analysis will be made on the data of China Energy Statistics Yearbook from 1998 to 2012, the China demographic Yearbook and the annual report on carbon abatement in G region. The empirical results show that the scheme of carbon emission right allocation based on RIE three-layer model can avoid the one-sidedness of traditional allocation at the regional level, and can get better results than grandfather method and equal proportion method in the distribution of industry. On the basis of empirical analysis, the paper puts forward some suggestions on emission reduction from two aspects of distribution scheme, development concept, region, industry, and enterprise, which can appropriately punish high carbon emission enterprises and reward low carbon emission enterprises in the distribution of enterprises at the enterprise level, and the effect of rewarding low carbon emission enterprises is based on the empirical analysis.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X321

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