地震高概率区域潜在重金属面源污染风险评价

发布时间：2018-05-27 06:03

本文选题：地震 + 面源污染　；参考：《地球科学》2017年10期

【摘要】：地震的不易预见性易导致突发性环境污染,目前的相关研究多侧重于地灾发生后的调研评价,对高概率地震灾害区域潜在重金属面源污染风险预评价的研究尚有限,而预风险评价能为制定有效措施以降低灾害污染程度提供重要参考信息.为初探地震所致突发性重金属面源污染的风险预评估方法,基于地震峰值加速度因素结合建筑破损因素、潜在重金属污染物负荷值以四川省和重庆市为例构建潜在重金属面源污染及人口暴露风险评价模型.结果表明,研究区域的11个子流域受到潜在重金属面源污染风险,其中六价铬涉及子流域最多.不考虑人口暴露时,六价铬引发风险主要分布于研究区域东北角、中部及中南部,其他9种重金属污染物的潜在面源污染区主要分布于四川中南部.考虑人口暴露因素时,则六价铬引发风险主要分布于子流域W1和W2的东南部,其他重金属污染物则集中于子流域W4的北部.以四川省和重庆市为例初探性地建立了基于地震峰值加速度因素的地震引发潜在重金属污染及人口暴露预风险模型.
[Abstract]:The unpredictability of earthquakes can easily lead to sudden environmental pollution. At present, most of the related studies focus on the investigation and evaluation after the occurrence of ground disasters, and the pre-evaluation of potential heavy metal non-point source pollution risk in high-probability earthquake disaster areas is still limited. Pre-risk assessment can provide important reference information for making effective measures to reduce the degree of disaster pollution. In order to probe into the risk pre-assessment method of sudden heavy metal non-point source pollution caused by earthquake, based on the combination of peak acceleration factor and building damage factor, Taking Sichuan and Chongqing as examples, the model of potential heavy metal non-point source pollution and population exposure risk assessment was constructed. The results showed that 11 subbasins in the study area were exposed to potential heavy metal non-point source pollution, among which hexavalent chromium was most involved in sub-basins. When population exposure is not considered, the risk caused by hexavalent chromium is mainly distributed in the northeast corner, central and central south of the study area, and the other nine potential non-point source pollution areas of heavy metal pollutants are mainly distributed in south-central Sichuan. When population exposure factors were considered, hexavalent chromium induced risks were mainly distributed in the southeast of W1 and W2 subbasins, while other heavy metal pollutants were concentrated in the northern part of W4 subbasin. Taking Sichuan Province and Chongqing as examples, a model of potential heavy metal pollution caused by earthquakes and population exposure risk is established based on the seismic peak acceleration factors.
【作者单位】：武汉大学资源与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41301585)
【分类号】：P315.9;X820.4

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