荣成天鹅湖沉积物有机磷的生物有效性及其时空动态

发布时间：2018-05-31 03:19

本文选题：沉积物 + 磷水解技术　；参考：《环境科学学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：有机磷是沉积物磷的重要组成部分,有机磷经酶水解后可以提供活性磷.研究沉积物有机磷的生物有效性及其变化规律对于深入了解湖泊富营养化形成机制具有重要意义.本研究选取富营养化的海岸泻湖—荣成天鹅湖湿地为研究对象,通过采集表层沉积物,结合酶水解技术分析了有机磷的生物有效性及其时空变化规律.结果表明,天鹅湖沉积物有机磷含量为107.9~161.9 mg·kg~(-1),平均含量为125.3 mg·kg~(-1).其中潜在生物有效性磷即酶水解有机磷含量为21.8~100.3 mg·kg~(-1),平均含量为53.2 mg·kg~(-1),占有机磷含量的26%~56%.有机磷的潜在的生物有效性大小遵循:植酸磷(21.5 mg·kg~(-1))≈二酯磷(20.7 mg·kg~(-1))磷酸单酯磷(14.1 mg·kg~(-1)).酶水解有机磷(包括Monoester-P、Phytic-P)的含量呈夏秋低,冬春高的特点.有机磷空间分布不均衡,有机磷主要分布集北部入河口和南部藻类区域,这和不同方位污染物质的来源、水生动植物的分布和沉积物粒度等差异有关.相关性分析表明,金属氧化物(Al、Fe、Mg、Ca)是有机磷的主要结合介质,金属氧化物含量和形态变化将决定有机磷分解矿化和生物有效性.总之,有机磷的水解是水体活性磷的重要补偿途径,也是维持天鹅湖富营养化的重要机制.在水体磷污染治理过程中应把有机磷纳入评价范畴,应该防止沉积物有机磷的矿化分解.
[Abstract]:Organophosphorus is an important component of phosphorus in sediment. Organic phosphorus can provide active phosphorus after enzymatic hydrolysis. It is important to study the bioavailability of organic phosphorus in sediments and its variation law for understanding the formation mechanism of eutrophication in lakes. In this study, the eutrophic coastal lagoon-Rongcheng Swan Wetland was selected as the research object. The bioavailability of organophosphorus and its temporal and spatial variation were analyzed by collecting surface sediments and enzymatic hydrolysis. The results showed that the content of organic phosphorus in the sediment of Swan Lake was 107.9 ~ 161.9 mg / kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) and the average content was 125.3 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The potential bioavailability of phosphorus, I. e., enzymatic hydrolysis of organic phosphorus, was 21.8 ~ 100.3 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), with an average of 53.2 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), accounting for 26% of the organic phosphorus content. The potential bioavailability of organophosphorus was as follows: phosphorus phytate 21.5 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) = 20.7 mg 路kg ~ (-1) P ~ (-1) ~ (14. 1 mg 路kg ~ (-1) P ~ (2 +) = 14.1 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The content of organophosphorus hydrolyzed by enzyme (including Monoester-Pu Phytic-P) was low in summer and autumn and high in winter and spring. The spatial distribution of organophosphorus was uneven, and the distribution of organic phosphorus mainly concentrated in the northern estuary and the southern algal region, which was related to the sources of pollutants in different locations, the distribution of aquatic plants and animals, and the grain size of sediment. The correlation analysis shows that the metal oxide AlFeFeMg-Ca) is the main binding medium of organophosphorus, and the content and form of metal oxide will determine the decomposition and mineralization of organophosphorus and the bioavailability of organophosphorus. In a word, organic phosphorus hydrolysis is an important compensation way for active phosphorus in water and an important mechanism to maintain eutrophication in Swan Lake. In the process of phosphorus pollution control, organic phosphorus should be included in the evaluation scope, and the mineralization and decomposition of organic phosphorus in sediments should be prevented.
【作者单位】：中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所;中国科学院大学;铜仁职业技术学院;烟台大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.41573120,41273130)~~
【分类号】：X524

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