秦岭太平河冲积平原区临水聚集型废弃采石场生态修复研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 06:57

本文选题：临水聚集型 + 废弃采石场　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：秦岭北麓是关中地区重要的水资源涵养区,太平河流域位于其中,具有重要的生态价值。太平河流域平原区是秦岭山地与城市间的过渡地带,受人为干扰强烈。随城市建设的发展,太平河中游河岸带被采石场占据,使河岸带呈现植被缓冲带宽度锐减、植被纵向连续性差以及植被结构不完整等生态问题,影响了河流生态系统健康水平。然而针对生产建设活动的国家土地复垦政策还相对滞后,相关法律不够健全,采石场生态修复一直未能得到全面良好的实现。通过对国内外研究进行梳理,提出针对聚集型采石场的研究需引入多尺度规划的视角,从采石场生态修复的核心理论与典型实践案例出发总结出采石场生态修复的关键内容,整合多尺度规划与采石场生态修复关键内容构建了临水聚集型露天废弃采石场生态修复规划框架。结合秦岭北麓太平河特点,分别在流域、河段及采石场尺度上对太平河中游河岸带采石场提出生态修复策略。在流域尺度上,判断太平河中游河岸带采石场为太平河生态修复的重要对象;在河段尺度上,为太平河聚集型采石场制定生态修复导则。在采石场尺度上,选取生态矛盾较为突出的采石场作为修复范例,分别从植被引入、生境改良和景观设计三个方面对其提出生态修复措施。论文共分为六个章节,沿着提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的思路展开。第一章为提出问题,是文章的绪论部分,内容包括对研究背景、研究对象、研究目的、研究方法、研究内容与技术路线进行梳理和研究;第二章为分析问题,分别对国内外采石场生态修复研究概况、核心理论与典型案例进行梳理,将多尺度规划与采石场生态修复关键内容相结合,构建临水聚集型废弃露天采石场的生态修复规划框架;第三、四、五章为解决问题。第三章在太平河流域尺度下通过对河流生态系统健康进行评价判断出中游河岸带是太平河生态修复的重要位置,结合采石场与太平河景观安全格局的空间分布分析,判断出采石场修复时间的紧迫性,最终确定中游河岸带采石场为太平河生态修复的重要对象;第四章在中游河段尺度下对采石场引发的生态问题进行分析,为太平河冲积平原区多个采石场制定了生态修复导则;第五章在采石场尺度下,依据采石场生态修复导则选取了生态矛盾比较突出的一号采石场作为修复示范,并从植物引入、生境改良和景观设计三个方面对采石场提出生态修复措施。第六章为总结和展望部分,对本文提出的临水聚集型废弃露天采石场生态修复框架与太平河中游河岸带采石场的修复策略进行提炼总结。本文创新点:1.确立临水聚集型露天废弃采石场生态修复框架:对国内外采石场生态修复的研究概况、核心理论与典型实施案例进行梳理整合,构建临水聚集型采石场生态修复规划框架,指导流域到采石场尺度的生态修复规划设计的展开;2.构建太平河中游河岸带采石场生态修复策略:结合秦岭太平河冲积平原区地质特征,应用临水聚集型采石场生态修复框架,在流域尺度下判断太平河中游河岸带采石场为重要修复对象,在河段尺度下提出采石场生态修复导则,在采石场尺度下对一号采石场从植物引入、生境改良和景观设计三个方面提出生态修复措施。
[Abstract]:The northern foot of Qinling Mountains is an important water conservation area in Guanzhong area. The Taiping River Basin is located in it and has important ecological value. The plain area of the Taiping River Basin is a transitional zone between Qinling Mountains mountain and city, which is strongly disturbed. With the development of urban construction, the riparian zone in the middle reaches of the Taiping River is occupied by the quarry, making the riparian belt present vegetation buffer. The ecological problems such as the sharp decrease in width, the poor longitudinal continuity of vegetation and the incomplete vegetation structure have affected the health level of the river ecosystem. However, the national land reclamation policy for the production and construction activities is still lagging behind, the relevant laws are not perfect, and the ecological restoration of the quarry has not been fully realized. The research should be combed, and it is proposed that the multi scale planning should be introduced to the research of aggregate quarry. From the core theory of the ecological restoration of the quarry and the typical practice cases, the key content of the ecological restoration of the quarry is summed up, and the key content of the multi scale planning and the ecological restoration of the quarry is constructed. Based on the characteristics of the Taiping River in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, the ecological restoration strategy of the riparian quarry in the middle reaches of Taiping River is put forward respectively on the river basin, the river section and the quarry scale. On the scale of the quarry, the ecological restoration measures are put forward from three aspects of vegetation introduction, habitat improvement and landscape design, which are divided into six chapters, along with the problems, analysis and solving problems. The first chapter is to put forward the question, which is the introduction part of the article, which includes the research background, the research object, the research purpose, the research method, the research content and the technical route. The second chapter is the analysis of the problems, the general situation of the ecological restoration research at home and abroad, the core theory and typical cases, will be combed. The multi scale planning and the key content of the ecological restoration of the quarry are combined to construct the ecological restoration planning framework for the abandoned open pit of the water gathering type; third, fourth, the five chapter is to solve the problem. In the third chapter, the river bank zone is the weight of the ecological restoration of the Taiping River by evaluating the health of the river ecosystem under the Taiping River basin scale. In order to locate and analyze the spatial distribution of the landscape safety pattern of the quarry and Taiping River, the urgency of the restoration time of the quarry is judged, and the important object of the ecological restoration of the Taiping River is determined by the riparian quarry in the middle reaches of the river. The fourth chapter analyses the ecological problems caused by the quarry at the scale of the middle reaches of the river, which is the alluvial plain of the Taiping River. Several quarries in the area have formulated the guidelines for ecological restoration. In the fifth chapter, in the quarry scale, according to the ecological restoration guidelines of the quarry, a No.1 quarry which has a relatively prominent ecological contradiction is selected as the restoration demonstration, and the ecological restoration measures are put forward from three aspects of plant introduction, habitat improvement and landscape design. The sixth chapter is the summary and exhibition. In the hope part, the ecological restoration frame of the abandoned open quarry and the restoration strategy of the riparian quarry in the middle reaches of Taiping River are summarized. The innovation points are as follows: 1. establish the ecological restoration framework of the surface abandoned quarry with water gathering and aggregation: a survey of the ecological restoration of the quarry at home and abroad, the core theory and the code Type implementation cases are combed and integrated, the ecological restoration planning framework of water gathering quarry is constructed, and the ecological restoration planning and design of the watershed to the quarry are carried out. 2. the ecological restoration strategy of the riparian quarry in the middle reaches of Taiping River is constructed: combined with the geological characteristics of the alluvial plain area of Taiping River in Qinling Mountains, the living water gathering type quarry students are applied. Under the river basin scale, the Ecological Restoration Guide of the quarry is put forward, and the ecological restoration measures are put forward in three aspects of the plant introduction, habitat improvement and landscape design under the scale of the quarry.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.114;X171.4

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