过氧化钛制备条件的优化及其对典型污染物吸附性能的研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 23:55

  本文选题：过氧化钛 + 制备条件　； 参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着经济的飞速发展,染料广泛应用于印刷、造纸、纺织、电镀、食品、化妆品和药品等行业,是水污染的主要来源。染料废水色度高,p H较低且显酸性,化学需氧量、盐分含量高,可生化性差,是难处理的废水之一。众多工业生产过程如矿冶、机械、制造、化工、电子、仪表等都会产生重金属废水,造成重金属离子污染。含重金属的水被人饮用后,重金属会在人体内进行累积,并且不具有生物可降解性,这将导致人体生理机能紊乱,产生各种疾病,对人体健康造成严重危害。因此,将染料和重金属从水体中去除尤为重要。目前,吸附法因其高效与简单的特点而广泛应用于污水处理中,制备新型高效的吸附剂已成为研究的热点。钛基纳米结构材料具有优良的光、电、磁及催化性能,在众多领域有着广泛的应用,在污水处理中也有着广阔的应用前景。但是,到目前为止,对钛的过氧化物的研究相对较少。论文利用水热法通过改变氨水的滴加量及滴加速度、过氧化氢的滴加量,制备出了不同的过氧化钛吸附剂。本文以亚甲基蓝为目标污染物进行吸附实验,探究出了过氧化钛吸附剂的最佳制备条件是:体系p H为9.0、最高温度为40℃,过氧化氢滴加量为35 m L,最佳条件下制备出的过氧化钛对亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量为263.25 mg/g。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜扫描(SEM)、透射电子显微镜扫描(TEM)、热重-差示扫描量热(TG-DSC)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、Zeta电位等测试分析技术对过氧化钛样品进行了形貌和结构表征。表征结果表明制备的过氧化钛样品是以无定形形式存在的,结构中含有过氧键和羟基基团,加热易分解。本文还以镉离子、铜离子、锌离子为目标污染物,探究了过氧化钛吸附剂对重金属的吸附性能,结果表明过氧化钛对重金属的吸附可以在短时间内达到平衡,最佳条件制备的过氧化钛吸附剂对镉离子、铜离子、锌离子的平衡吸附量分别为137.13、112.28、101.93 mg/g。利用吸附等温线模型对过氧化钛对重金属的吸附结果进行拟合,发现其对重金属的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温式;对过氧化钛对重金属的吸附数据进行动力学拟合,得出其符合准二级吸附动力学方程。在此基础上,本文对过氧化钛吸附重金属的吸附机理进行了探讨,发现吸附过程是以扩散-静电吸附为主的吸附。论文研究结果为废水处理,尤其是含阳离子染料和重金属离子的废水处理提供了一种新方法,具有重要的环境、经济与社会效益。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, dyes are widely used in printing, papermaking, textile, electroplating, food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and are the main sources of water pollution. Dyestuff wastewater is one of the refractory wastewater due to its low chromaticity and acidity, high chemical oxygen demand, high salt content and poor biodegradability. Many industrial production processes such as mining, machinery, manufacturing, chemical, electronic, instrumentation and so on will produce heavy metal wastewater, resulting in heavy metal ion pollution. After drinking the water containing heavy metals, the heavy metals will accumulate in the human body and have no biodegradability, which will lead to the disorder of physiological function of human body, produce various diseases, and cause serious harm to human health. Therefore, the removal of dyes and heavy metals from water is particularly important. At present, adsorption method is widely used in wastewater treatment because of its high efficiency and simplicity. Titanium-based nanostructured materials have excellent optical, electrical, magnetic and catalytic properties, and have been widely used in many fields, and also have a broad application prospect in wastewater treatment. However, so far, the peroxides of titanium have been studied relatively little. Different titanium peroxide adsorbents were prepared by hydrothermal method by changing the amount and acceleration of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. In this paper, methylene blue was used as the target pollutant for adsorption experiments. The optimum preparation conditions of titanium peroxide adsorbent were found as follows: ph = 9.0, maximum temperature 40 鈩，

本文编号：1983989