新型轻石生物填料的制备及其水处理应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 12:00

本文选题：轻石生物填料 + 脱氮除磷　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生物膜法是目前已经广泛应用在水污染控制的主流工艺之一,其中对挂膜生物填料的研究和开发也受到了广泛的关注。本文研究了以废弃玻璃为原材料,通过发泡烧结和改性,制备出一种新型轻石生物填料,考察了轻石填料的结构性能和吸附性能,利用实验室小试装置,对比研究了该填料和市场上常见的聚乙烯球型填料在A/O工艺装置中的运行情况,探讨了启动挂膜和稳定运行过程中反应装置的脱氮除磷效果以及生物膜微生物群落组成结构等方面的特性,分析了不同运行参数对轻石填料在反应器中运行效果的影响规律,为填料在水处理污染控制中的应用提供了一定的思路和依据,主要研究结论如下:1、新型轻石生物填料由10wt%的发泡剂、10wt%的沸石、77wt%的废弃玻璃、1wt%助熔剂和2wt%的稳泡剂通过发泡烧结改性的过程烧制而成。填料的主要组成元素有O、Si、C、Mg、Na、Ca、Al等,比表面一般在4.2m2/g以上,体积密度在0.7g/cm3左右,孔隙率在55%-65%之间,吸水率达到50%,填料的化学稳定性在99.5%以上。同时填料对氮磷具有一定的吸附效果,这是一个物理吸附、化学吸附、离子交换吸附等多种吸附方式共同存在的复杂的吸附过程,吸附效果受pH、氮磷初始浓度和温度的影响。2、通过轻石生物填料和聚乙烯球型填料在反应器中的运行情况,表明在相同的运行参数下,轻石填料在15天左右完成挂膜,缩短了聚乙烯球型填料挂膜50%的时间。轻石填料具有更好的亲水性和更大的挂膜量,装置出水的COD、NH4+-N、TP的去除率要明显高于聚乙烯球型填料,并且在运行过程中更耐氨氮冲击负荷。分析两种填料在反应器生物膜中微生物群落结构,发现轻石填料在装置中的微生物群落更加复杂;厌氧反应器中两种填料的微生物群落结构相似,好氧反应器中两种填料的微生物群落结构差别较大。其中轻石填料在好氧反应器中存在兼性厌氧菌,这有利于脱氮除磷效果的提高。3、通过正交实验,研究稳定运行时处理效果的最佳控制策略,在HRT为18h、硝化液的回流比为200%、C/N为10的条件下,反应器COD的去除率在97%以上,NH4+-N的去除率在98%以上、TN的去除率在80%左右,TP的去除率超过50%。反应器COD去除效果受HRT影响显著;反应器NH4+-N去除效果受HRT和C/N影响显著;反应器TN去除效果受C/N、HRT影响显著,硝化液回流比也有一定的影响。
[Abstract]:Biofilm method has been widely used in water pollution control, and the research and development of biofilm have been paid more and more attention. In this paper, a new light stone biofilm was prepared by foaming sintering and modification with waste glass as raw material. The structure and adsorption properties of light stone filler were investigated. The operation of the filler and the polyethylene ball packing in the A- / O process was compared with that in the market. The characteristics of denitrification and phosphorus removal of the reactor and the composition structure of biofilm microbial community during the start-up and stable operation of the reactor were discussed. The influence of different operation parameters on the operation effect of the light stone filler in the reactor was analyzed. It provides some ideas and basis for the application of fillers in the pollution control of water treatment. The main conclusions are as follows: the new lightweight biofilm is composed of 10 wt% foaming agent, 10 wt% zeolite, 77 wt% waste glass, 1 wt% flux and 2 wt% foam stabilizer, which are sintered by the process of foaming and sintering. The main elements of the packing are: the specific surface is above 4.2m2/g, the volume density is about 0.7g/cm3, the porosity is between 55% and 65%, the water absorption is 50%, and the chemical stability of the filler is over 99.5%. At the same time, the packing has a certain adsorption effect on nitrogen and phosphorus, which is a complex adsorption process of physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, ion exchange adsorption and so on. The adsorption effect was affected by pH, initial concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, and temperature. Through the operation of light stone biofilm and polyethylene ball packing in the reactor, it was shown that under the same operation parameters, the light stone packing could finish the film forming in about 15 days. The time of hanging film of PE ball packing was shortened by 50%. The light stone filler has better hydrophilicity and larger membrane hanging capacity. The removal rate of COD _ (4) -NN _ (10) in the effluent of the plant is obviously higher than that of the polyethylene ball packing, and it is more resistant to the impact loading of ammonia nitrogen during operation. The microbial community structure of two kinds of fillers in biofilm of reactor was analyzed, and it was found that the microbial community of light stone packing in the plant was more complex, and the microbial community structure of two kinds of fillers in anaerobic reactor was similar. The microbial community structure of the two fillers in aerobic reactor is quite different. There are facultative anaerobes in aerobic reactor, which is beneficial to the improvement of denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency. Through orthogonal experiment, the optimal control strategy of treatment effect in stable operation is studied. When HRT is 18 h and the reflux ratio of nitrifying liquid is 200% C / N is 10, the removal rate of COD is more than 97%, the removal rate of NH _ 4-N is more than 98%, the removal rate of TN is about 80%, the removal rate of TP is more than 50%. The COD removal efficiency of reactor was significantly affected by HRT, NH _ 4-N removal efficiency was significantly affected by HRT and C _ (/ N), TN removal efficiency was significantly affected by C _ (/ N) HRT, and nitrification reflux ratio was also affected to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703

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