石墨基炭材料的制备及其吸附性能的研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 00:37

  本文选题：石墨基炭材料 + 可控制备　； 参考：《烟台大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的增长和工业的发展,一些有毒有害物质被排入水中,尤其是油和染料等,对水造成的污染极其严重,因此控制与脱除油类和染料是废水治理的热点研究方向。吸附法是废水处理的常用方法之一,本文以石墨为前驱体制备石墨基炭材料,研究其对废水中油类和染料的吸附性能,拓展石墨材料的应用领域。本文采用氧化插层法对天然鳞片石墨进行处理来制备石墨基炭材料,研究了K_2Cr_2O_7、HNO_3、HClO_4、CH_3COOH的用量和反应条件对所制备材料结构的影响;探究了石墨基炭材料对孔雀石绿染料及油类物质的吸附性能,获得如下结论:1、石墨(g):重铬酸钾(g):硝酸(mL):高氯酸(m L):冰乙酸(mL)的比例为5:1.7:2:10:2,反应温度为30℃,反应时间为40 min时,石墨的氧化插层效果最好,石墨的膨胀容积达到350 mL/g。2、与传统炭材料相比,石墨基炭材料对孔雀石绿染料的吸附性能更好。石墨基炭材料对孔雀石绿染料的吸附机理符合Langmuir吸附模型;吸附动力学可以用准二级动力学模型来描述。3、研究了石墨基炭材料对食用油、柴油和汽油的吸附性能,发现吸附量随吸附质粘度的增大而增加;吸附量与石墨基炭材料的膨胀容积呈正相关性。吸附的油可用简单的真空抽滤法回收,从而使石墨基炭材料再生。
[Abstract]:With the growth of economy and the development of industry, some toxic and harmful substances are discharged into water, especially oil and dyes, which cause serious pollution to water. Therefore, controlling and removing oil and dyes is the hot research direction of wastewater treatment. The adsorption method is one of the common methods for wastewater treatment. In this paper, graphite-based carbon materials were prepared with graphite as precursor, the adsorption properties of oil and dyes in wastewater were studied, and the application fields of graphite materials were expanded. In this paper, the natural flake graphite was treated by oxidation intercalation method to prepare graphite-based carbon materials. The effects of the amount and reaction conditions of K _ 2Cr _ 2O _ 7 / HNO _ 3O _ 4 and reaction conditions on the structure of the prepared materials were studied. The adsorption properties of graphite based carbon materials for malachite green dyes and oil substances were investigated. The following conclusions were obtained: the ratio of 1: 1, graphite, potassium dichromate, nitrite, perchlorate, malachite, glacial acetic acid, malachite green dye and oil was 51.7: 2: 10: 2, the reaction temperature was 30 鈩，

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