苏北骆马湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质评价

发布时间：2018-06-15 18:28

本文选题：骆马湖 + 大型底栖动物　；参考：《湖泊科学》2017年05期

【摘要】：2014年1-12月,对苏北骆马湖水质和大型底栖动物进行了逐月调查.根据湖区的生境特征将骆马湖划分为3个区域:采砂区域、植被区域和其他区域.对比分析不同区域水质参数和底栖动物群落结构,并利用《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)、综合营养状态指数和生物学指数对水质进行评价.结果表明,采砂区域的水深显著高于植被区域,而透明度显著低于另外两个区域;采砂区域的总氮、总磷、硝态氮和正磷酸盐浓度均显著高于植被区域,生物多样性显著低于另外两个区域.骆马湖内共采集到大型底栖动物41种,其中环节动物8种,软体动物15种,节肢动物18种.铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)、苏氏尾鳃蚓(Branchiura sowerbyi)、霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)、长角涵螺(Alocinma longicornis)是现阶段的优势种.10个监测点底栖动物的年均密度和年均生物量分别为77.19±43.59 ind./m~2和37.62±28.31 g/m~2,呈现出较高的空间异质性.生物量较密度空间差异更大,生物量在湖泊四周的监测点较高,而在湖心开阔水域较低.水质评价结果表明骆马湖水质处于中营养状态,总体属于中度污染,作为南水北调东线工程重要的调蓄湖泊以及饮用水源地和水产养殖基地,加强水环境保护不容懈怠.
[Abstract]:A monthly survey of water quality and macrobenthos in Luoma Lake, Northern Jiangsu Province was conducted from January to December 2014. According to the habitat characteristics of the lake area, Luoma Lake is divided into three regions: sand mining area, vegetation area and other regions. The water quality parameters and benthos community structure in different regions were compared and analyzed, and the water quality was evaluated by using the Surface Water Environmental quality Standard (GB3838-2002) and the comprehensive nutritional status index and biological index. The results showed that the water depth of sand mining area was significantly higher than that of vegetation area, and the transparency of sand mining area was significantly lower than that of the other two areas, and the concentrations of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and orthophosphate in sand mining area were significantly higher than those in vegetation area. Biodiversity was significantly lower than in the other two regions. A total of 41 species of macrobenthos were collected in Luoma Lake, including 8 species of annelids, 15 species of mollusks and 18 species of arthropods. Bellamya aeruginosaer, Branchiura sowerbyii, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteriae and Alocinma longicornis are the dominant species at present. The average annual density and biomass of benthos at 10 monitoring sites are 77.19 卤43.59 ind./m~2 and 37.62 卤28.31 g / m ~ 2, respectively, showing high spatial heterogeneity. The biomass is larger than the density spatial difference, the biomass is higher around the lake, but lower in the open water in the center of the lake. The results of water quality evaluation show that the water quality of Luoma Lake is in a medium nutritional state, which is generally moderately polluted. As an important regulating lake, drinking water source and aquaculture base of South-to-North Water transfer Project, the water environment protection should not be neglected.
【作者单位】：中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;江苏省骆运水利工程管理处;
【基金】：江苏省水利科技项目(2015043) 国家自然科学基金项目(41671110,31670466) 科技基础性工作专项(2013FY111800)联合资助
【分类号】：Q958.8;X824

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