陕西省森林富集区碳汇核算及扶贫补偿机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 00:11

本文选题：森林富集区 + 森林碳汇　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“资源诅咒”理论告诉我们,在一些资源富集的地区,丰裕的资源非但没有带来经济的增长,反而使其陷入贫困的处境,本文研究的陕西森林富集区正是如此。本文通过研究陕西省森林资源较为丰富的陕南地区的贫困状况,对当地富含的森林碳汇的价值进行核算,为本文的补偿建立标准,并最终探讨了基于森林碳汇价值进行扶贫的补偿机制。本文在梳理了国内外有关森林富集区贫困以及森林碳汇扶贫补偿相关文献的基础上,提出了本文的研究问题。在陕西省选取了几个森林覆盖率大于60%的县,作为本文森林富集区的代表,分别为陕西汉中佛坪县、安康宁陕县以及商洛商州区。通过问卷调查的形式,在当地随机抽取了357户林农作为本文的研究样本,研究了其贫困现状及原因,并分析了当地的扶贫现状,提出了在当地建立森林碳汇扶贫补偿机制的必要性;同时通过走访调查当地林业局,了解了当地关于森林树种、面积、蓄积量等方面的基本请况,研究了在当地建立森林碳汇扶贫补偿机制的可行性;通过探讨森林碳汇价值的会计核算方法,利用生物量法估算了林农拥有的森林碳汇的价值,为后续森林碳汇扶贫补偿机制的建立提供了标准。最后着重探讨了基于森林碳汇价值的扶贫补偿体制构建,并给出其相关保障措施。研究发现,陕西省森林富集区的农村居民人均收入和城镇居民人均可支配收入均低于陕西省平均水平,且当地贫富差距较大,存在较多贫困现象。造成当地贫困的主要原因在于,当地的森林优势资源因限伐等政策而无法变现,再加上当地工业区位的劣势,使其无法发展其他产业,进而造成了贫困现象,因此当地只能走低碳经济的生态发展之路。同时,研究发现当地目前的扶贫工作不到位,扶贫力度小且稳定性差,仍然需要补充建立森林碳汇的扶贫补偿机制。通过核算当地林农拥有的森林碳汇价值发现,当地碳汇的生态效益价值较高,具备建立森林碳汇扶贫补偿的可行性。基于森林碳汇的价值对林农进行补偿,可以使其补偿后的平均收入水平达到陕西农村平均收入水平。本文最后从补偿原则、补偿标准、补偿主体、补偿对象、补偿程序和方式等方面构建了森林碳汇扶贫补偿机制,并提出了建立森林碳汇合作社等一系列保障措施及建议。本文的研究为森林富集区的精准扶贫提供了新的思路,同时基于森林碳汇的扶贫补偿机制的探讨,更多地强调了社会主体的共同参与,有利于提高社会公众的碳汇意识和参与度,为缓解全球气候压力做出贡献。
[Abstract]:The theory of "resource curse" tells us that in some areas with rich resources, abundant resources have not brought economic growth, but make them fall into the situation of poverty. In this paper, the Shaanxi forest enrichment area is exactly the case. This paper studies the poverty situation in the south of Shaanxi Province, which is rich in forest resources in Shaanxi Province, and is rich in the local area. The value of forest carbon sequestration is calculated, the compensation standard for this paper is set up, and the compensation mechanism based on the value of forest carbon sequestration is finally discussed. On the basis of combing the relevant literature about the poverty in the forest enrichment area and the compensation for the compensation for poverty alleviation of the forest carbon sequestration at home and abroad, this paper has put forward the research problem in this paper. In Shaanxi Province Several counties with more than 60% forest coverage, as the representative of the forest enrichment area in this article, are Shaanxi Hanzhoung Foping County, Ankang Ningshan county and Shangluo Shangzhou district. Through the questionnaire survey, 357 Lin Nong samples were selected as the research samples in this paper, and the poverty status and reasons were studied, and the local poverty alleviation was analyzed. The necessity of establishing the compensation mechanism for forest carbon sequestration in the local forest is put forward. At the same time, through visiting the local forestry bureau, the basic requirements of the local forest tree species, area and accumulation are understood, and the feasibility of establishing the compensation mechanism of forest carbon sequestration in the local forest is studied, and the accounting accounting of the value of forest carbon sequestration is discussed. Method, using the biomass method to estimate the value of forest carbon sequestration owned by forest farmers, and provide the standard for the establishment of the compensation mechanism for the follow-up forest carbon sequestration. Finally, the construction of the compensation system based on the value of forest carbon sequestration is emphatically discussed, and the relevant safeguard measures are given. The per capita disposable income of income and urban residents is lower than the average level of Shaanxi Province, and there is a large gap between the rich and the poor, and there are many poverty phenomena. The main reason for the local poverty is that the local forest advantage resources can not be changed because of the policy of limiting the local industry, and the local industrial location is inferior to the development of other industries. As a result of poverty, it can only reduce the ecological development of the carbon economy. At the same time, the research found that the local poverty alleviation work is not in place, the poverty alleviation is small and the stability is poor. It is still necessary to supplement the compensation mechanism for the poverty alleviation of the forest carbon sink. The value of ecological benefits is high, and it is feasible to establish compensation for poverty alleviation of forest carbon sequestration. Based on the value of forest carbon sequestration, Lin Nong can make the average income after compensation reach the average level of rural income in Shaanxi. This article finally comes from the compensation principle, compensation standard, compensation subject, compensation object, compensation procedure and mode. The compensation mechanism of forest carbon sequestration for poverty alleviation is constructed, and a series of safeguard measures and suggestions are put forward to establish a forest carbon sequestration cooperative. This study provides a new way of thinking for the accurate poverty alleviation of the forest enriched areas. At the same time, based on the discussion of the compensation mechanism of the forest carbon sequestration, more emphasis is placed on the joint participation of the social subjects, which is beneficial to the improvement of the community. Public awareness and participation in carbon sequestration contribute to the mitigation of global climate pressure.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X196;F323.8

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