城市固体废弃物填埋场甲烷排放规律及覆盖层甲烷氧化因子研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 14:50

本文选题：城市固体废弃物填埋场 + 甲烷释放　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：垃圾填埋场已成为一个重要的人为甲烷排放源,在众多的甲烷减排措施中,土壤覆盖仍然是一种关键的甲烷减排策略。为了更全面地理解填埋场甲烷的排放及其覆盖层氧化效率,本研究以北京市环卫集团某填埋场为研究对象,利用静态箱法对垃圾填埋场甲烷排放进行了全面监测,基于长期定点监测和特殊季节强化监测结果,分析了甲烷释放通量和相关影响因子的关系,阐述了北京市环卫集团某填埋场甲烷排放的时空变化规律。基于实验监测结果和调研数据,利用反演模型和CH_4/CO_2比率法评估了覆土层甲烷氧化因子值。主要结论如下:(1)通过长期定点监测发现,10个监测点每月CH_4释放通量值波动范围较大,可达3~5个数量级。但CH_4释放通量呈现明显的季节性变化规律,表现为高值出现在冬季附近,低值出现在夏季附近。基于夏秋季节的强化监测数据,利用IDW空间插值分析发现,夏季,CH_4释放通量在200~800 mg m~(-2)h~(-1)的通量值占据了监测区域的39.62%;秋季,CH_4释放通量在3300~14200 mg m~(-2)h~(-1)的通量值占据了监测区域的44.32%。秋季CH_4释放热点区域位置与夏季相同,但释放通量值较夏季有显著增加,是夏季相似区域释放通量值的16倍左右。(2)CH_4和CO_2释放通量保持高度的同步性,通过相关性分析发现,CH_4和CO_2全年释放通量具有显著正相关(r=0.861,P0.01)。此外,通过CH_4释放通量与相关环境因子的分析发现,CH_4释放通量与大气温度呈极显著负相关,相关系数r=-0.897,P0.01;CH_4释放通量与大气压力呈极显著正相关,相关系数r=0.775,P0.01;CH_4释放通量与大气相对湿度无显著相关关系(P0.05)。(3)通过反演模型分析发现,覆土层甲烷氧化因子呈现出季节变化趋势,甲烷氧化因子最高值出现在六月,最低值出现在二月,夏秋季明显高于冬春季。甲烷氧化因子全年变化范围为0.01~0.82,平均值为0.42,该值高于IPCC的缺省值(0.1)。(4)通过CH_4/CO_2比率法分析得到不同深度CO_2/CH_4比率值变化范围为0.90~12.64,CH_4氧化因子值变化范围为0.16~0.88,平均值为0.55。
[Abstract]:Landfill has become an important anthropogenic methane emission source. Soil cover is still a key methane emission reduction strategy among many methane emission reduction measures. In order to understand methane emission from landfill and its oxidation efficiency of overburden, a landfill site of Beijing Sanitation Group Group was used to monitor methane emission from landfill site by static tank method. Based on the results of long-term fixed-point monitoring and intensive monitoring in special seasons, the relationship between methane emission flux and related factors was analyzed, and the temporal and spatial variation of methane emission from a landfill site of Beijing Sanitation Group Group was described. Based on the experimental monitoring results and the investigation data, the methane oxidation factor of the overlying soil was evaluated by using the inversion model and the Ch _ s _ 4 / COS _ 2 ratio method. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through long-term fixed point monitoring, it is found that the CH4 release volume fluctuates greatly in 10 monitoring points every month, and can reach 3 ~ 5 orders of magnitude. However, CH4 emission fluxes showed a seasonal variation, with high values near winter and low values near summer. Based on the data of intensive monitoring in summer and autumn season, using IDW spatial interpolation analysis, it was found that the flux of CH4 released in summer occupied 39.62% of the monitored area at 200 ~ 800 mg / m ~ (-1), and that the flux of Ch _ 4 in autumn occupied 44.32% of the monitored area at 3300 ~ 14200 mg / m ~ (-2) h ~ (-1). In autumn, the location of CH4 release hotspots in autumn was the same as that in summer, but the emission flux increased significantly compared with that in summer, which was about 16 times of that in similar areas in summer. The emission fluxes of CH4 and CO2 kept a high synchronicity. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the annual release fluxes of CHS _ 4 and COS _ 2. In addition, through the analysis of CH4 emission flux and related environmental factors, it was found that CHS _ 4 emission flux was significantly negatively correlated with atmospheric temperature, and the correlation coefficient r ~ (-0.897) P _ (0.01) Ch _ S _ 4 release flux was significantly positively correlated with atmospheric pressure. There is no significant correlation between atmospheric relative humidity and the emission flux of Ch _ 4. The inversion model analysis shows that the oxidation factor of methane in overlying soil layer shows a seasonal variation trend, and the highest value of methane oxidation factor appears in June. The lowest value appeared in February and the summer and autumn were obviously higher than in winter and spring. The annual range of CH4 oxidation factor is 0.01 / 0.82 with an average value of 0.42.This value is higher than the IPCC's default value of 0.1%.) by means of Ch _ 4 / CO _ 2 ratio analysis, it is found that the ratio of CO2 / Ch _ 4 in different depth varies from 0.90 to 12.64% Ch _ 4 oxidation factor of 0.160.88, and the average value is 0.555.The results are as follows: (1) the average value of Ch _ 2 / Ch _ 4 is 0.160.88, and the average is 0.55 by means of Ch _ 4 / CO _ 2 ratio analysis.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X705

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