广州市大气环境空间管控规划分析与设计

发布时间：2018-06-21 18:35

本文选题：广州 + 大气环境　；参考：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：长期以来,我国一直实行污染物排放总量控制政策,按照统一的原则制定地方排放削减指标、分配污染物排放额度,没有充分考虑不同地区生态环境特征、经济发展水平、能源结构和产业结构等方面的差异,结果城市大气污染物排放总量得到了控制,城市空气质量却未得到明显的改善。区域空气质量受空气流动及污染源分布影响较大,为了在开展规划过程中充分掌握区域大气特征,既要了解污染源排放特征对空气质量影响的差异性,也要考虑产业空间分布对城市大气环境质量造成的影响。本文以大气环境分级管控技术为框架,通过气象模型模拟区域内特征气象环境,再设置不同特征污染物的虚拟排放源进行模拟计算:通过归纳污染排放源相对浓度贡献度评价出敏感区域分布,通过归纳污染物浓度分布情况评价出脆弱区域分布,两者综合后设置出污染物增量严控区,并通过代表性的污染物监测数据作为评价指标,找出特征污染物当前浓度分布情况,在浓度高值区设置出污染物存量减排区,从规划层面减少污染存量,控制污染物增量,再结合现有的环境空气质量功能一类区,构建出广州大气环境空间管控规划格局。本文从三方面入手对广州大气空间管控规划进行了分析设计。空间分级管控方面,展示了广州市大气环境管控区评价结果,将管控区分为环境空气质量功能区一类区(生态保护红线外)、大气污染物存量重点减排区和大气污染物增量严控区,针对不同分区提出了管控要求。污染物防治管控方面,针对污染物、污染源的现状,从“减存控增”的角度对能源、工业源、机动车流动源、农业面源等排污源管控工作提出了规划改善建议。区域防治方面,围绕周边城市污染传输问题,从产业疏导、外来车辆、排污权交易、应急预警四个方向提出了区域联动发展的建议。
[Abstract]:For a long time, our country has been implementing the policy of total pollutant emission control, making local emission reduction targets according to the unified principle, allocating pollutant discharge quotas, not fully considering the ecological environment characteristics of different regions, and the level of economic development. The differences in energy structure and industrial structure have resulted in the total emission of urban air pollutants being controlled, but the urban air quality has not been improved obviously. The regional air quality is greatly affected by air flow and the distribution of pollution sources. In order to fully grasp the regional air characteristics in the process of planning, it is necessary to understand the difference between the emission characteristics of pollution sources and air quality. The effects of industrial spatial distribution on urban atmospheric environmental quality should also be considered. In this paper, based on the hierarchical control technology of atmospheric environment, the meteorological model is used to simulate the characteristic meteorological environment in the region. Then the virtual emission sources with different characteristic pollutants were set up to simulate and calculate: the distribution of sensitive region was evaluated by inducting the contribution of relative concentration of pollutant emission source, and the distribution of fragile region was evaluated by inducting the distribution of pollutant concentration. The pollutant increment strict control area is set up after the combination of the two methods, and through the representative pollutant monitoring data as the evaluation index, the current distribution of characteristic pollutant concentration is found out, and the pollutant stock emission reduction area is set up in the high concentration area. From the aspect of planning, reducing pollution stock, controlling pollutant increment and combining with the existing environmental air quality function area, the planning pattern of Guangzhou atmospheric environment spatial management and control is constructed. This paper analyzes and designs the planning of Guangzhou atmospheric space management and control from three aspects. In terms of spatial hierarchical management and control, the results of the assessment of Guangzhou's atmospheric environment control area are displayed. The control and control is divided into environmental air quality function area (outside the red line of ecological protection, the key emission reduction area of atmospheric pollutant stock and the strict control area of atmospheric pollutant increment), and the control requirements for different zones are put forward. In the aspect of pollution control and control, aiming at the present situation of pollutants and pollution sources, the paper puts forward some suggestions for planning and improving the control of pollution sources such as energy, industrial sources, motor vehicle flow sources, agricultural non-point sources and so on from the point of view of "reducing storage and controlling increasing". In the area of regional prevention and control, the suggestions of regional linkage development are put forward from the following four directions: industrial diversion, foreign vehicles, emission trading and emergency warning.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51

【参考文献】