珠江流域淡水水生生物中有机紫外线吸收剂的富集

发布时间：2018-06-23 04:11

本文选题：有机紫外线吸收剂 + 珠江水系　；参考：《中国科学院大学(中国科学院广州地球化学研究所)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：紫外线过滤剂(UVFs)被广泛添加到个人护肤品中以保护人类皮肤头发遭受紫外线伤害,紫外线稳定剂(UVSs)的则被添加到各种工业产品中以延缓产品老化。经过使用后的紫外线吸收剂(UVAs)通过淋洗、挥发等多种方式进入环境中。目前,有机紫外线吸收剂已经在大气、水体、沉积物、生物等多种环境中检出。然而,UVAs在生物组织中的分布以及影响UVAs在生物中富集的因素尚有待进一步揭示,以便全面客观地评估UVAs环境污染对生物和生态的危害。珠江流域日照时间长,紫外线辐射强,人口密集,经济和工业发达,是研究有机紫外线吸收剂在生物体内富集规律的理想区域。本研究以7类13种常见的有机紫外线吸收剂为目标化合物包括:3-(4-甲基苄烯)-樟脑(4-MBC)、对二甲氨基苯甲酸异辛酯(ODPABA)、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮(BP-3)、2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮(UV-531)、阿伏苯宗(AVO);对甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯(EHMC)、奥克立林(OCR)、2-(2-羟基-5-苯甲基)苯并三唑(UVP)、2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-二(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)苯酚(UV-234)、2-(5-氯-2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(UV-326)、2,4-二-叔丁基-6-(5-氯-2H-苯并三唑-2-基)苯酚(UV-327)、2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4,6-二叔戊基苯酚(UV-328)、2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚(UV-329),研究这些UVAs在珠江水系典型水生生物的分布,探讨其在水生生物体内的富集及放大以及影响因素。主要结果有:(1)13种UVAs在生物背肉中总浓度范围为141.31-1650.79ng/g脂重(lw),主要为BP-3、UV-531、UV-P和UV-234,其中UV-531浓度最高,均值浓度达401.48ng/g lw。UVAs在硬骨鱼纲中(305.99-793.62ng/g lw)浓度高于甲壳纲(154.81-277.35ng/g lw),在肉食性鱼类中浓度(均值600.39ng/g lw)高于杂食性(均值515.06ng/g lw)、草食性(均值363.33ng/g lw)和滤食性(均值340.81ng/g lw)生物。EHMC主要存在于肉食性鱼类背肉中,虾体内富集EHMC较为明显。旱季(10月-次年3月)生物背肉组织富集的UVAs的含量高于雨季。栖息水层并没有对UVAs的富集产生显著的差异性,可能跟珠江水系水深不足以使其产生显著差异性有关。(2)UVAs在生物不同组织最多表现为肝脏腩肉背肉,可能与UVAs的亲脂性有关。福寿鱼背肉组织中的UVAs呈现出随体长的增大ΣUVAs浓度先增加后减小的趋势,雄鱼和雌鱼背肉组织中的ΣUVAs并没有呈现出显著差异性。(3)生物卵中UVAs分布广泛,脊尾白虾体内富集的EHMC卵中的含量明显高于雄性肌肉和母体肌肉,表明UVAs在甲壳纲中可能有向子代转移的趋势。(4)UVAs的生物积累因子(BAF)的对数(LogBAF)值均大于3.3,表明UVAs具有一定的生物富集性,但是LogBAF和LogKow并没有表现出显著的相关性(p0.05),却表现出一定的正相关(斜率=0.24,r=0.51)。深层水栖生物计算其生物-沉积物富集因子(BSAF)值,其范围在0-17.9之间,UV-531的BSAF值最高且大于1,表现出相比于沉积物,其更易在生物体内富集。(5)UVAs的营养级放大因子(TMFs)为0.76-1.79。其中OCR、UV-531和UV-234的TMF值大于1,表示其可能随着食物链的传播发生生物放大作用。
[Abstract]:Ultraviolet filter agent (UVFs) is widely added to personal skin care products to protect human skin from UV damage. The ultraviolet stabilizer (UVSs) is added to various industrial products to delay the aging of products. After using the ultraviolet absorbent (UVAs), the UV Absorbents are washed and volatilized into the environment. Ultraviolet absorbents have been detected in a variety of environments, such as atmospheric, water, sediment, and biology. However, the distribution of UVAs in biological tissues and the factors affecting the enrichment of UVAs in organisms have yet to be further revealed in order to assess the biological and ecological hazards of UVAs environmental pollution in an all-round and objective way. The sunshine time of the Pearl River Basin is long, and the ultraviolet radiation is long. It is an ideal area for studying the enrichment of organic ultraviolet absorbents in organisms. This study uses 7 kinds of 13 kinds of common organic ultraviolet absorbents as target compounds: 3- (4- methyl benzenes) camphor (4-MBC), two methylamino benzoate (ODPABA), 2- hydroxyl -4- methoxy two benzene Ketone (BP-3), 2- hydroxy -4- n-octyl two benzophenone (UV-531), amvolene (AVO), methoxy cinnamate octyl (EHMC), Ake Lillian (OCR), 2- (2- hydroxy -5- benzomethyl) benzo three azole (UVP), 2- (tertiary butyl phenyl ethyl) phenol (UV-531), tertiary butyl benzene Phenol (UV-326), 2,4- two - tert Ding Ji -6- (5- chloride -2H- benzo and three azole -2- based) phenol (UV-327), 2- (2H- benzo three azole -2- based) -4,6- ditert phenol phenol (UV-328), investigated the distribution of the typical aquatic organisms in the Pearl River system, and explore its enrichment in aquatic organisms. The main results are as follows: (1) the total concentration range of 13 kinds of UVAs in biological back meat is 141.31-1650.79ng/g fat weight (LW), mainly BP-3, UV-531, UV-P and UV-234, and the concentration of UV-531 is the highest, and the mean concentration of 401.48ng/g lw.UVAs is higher than that of the Crustacea in the hard bone fish class (305.99-793.62ng/g LW). The concentration (mean 600.39ng/g LW) in the carnivorous fishes was higher than the omnivorous (mean 515.06ng/g LW), the herbivorous (mean 363.33ng/g LW) and filter feeding (mean 340.81ng/g LW) biological.EHMC mainly existed in the meat fish back meat, and the enrichment of EHMC was more obvious in the shrimp. The UVAs content of the biological back meat was high in the dry season (October - March). In the rainy season, the inhabiting water layer did not produce significant difference in the enrichment of UVAs, which may not be enough to make a significant difference with the water depth of the Pearl River system. (2) UVAs in the different tissues of the organism is the most manifested as the meat of the liver of the liver, which may be related to the lipophilicity of the UVAs. The UVAs in the fishes' back meat tissue presents an increasing Sigma UVA with the length of the body. The s concentration increased first and then decreased, and the sigma UVAs in the male and female dorsal meat tissues did not show significant difference. (3) the distribution of UVAs in the biological eggs was wide, and the content of the enriched EHMC eggs in the body of the tail white shrimp was obviously higher than that of the male muscles and the mother muscles. It showed that the UVAs may have the tendency to transfer to the progeny in the crustaceans. (4) the birth of UVAs. The logarithmic (LogBAF) value of the substance accumulation factor (BAF) was greater than 3.3, indicating that UVAs had a certain bioaccumulation, but LogBAF and LogKow did not show significant correlation (P0.05), but showed a certain positive correlation (slope =0.24, r=0.51). Deep aquatic organisms calculated their biological sediment enrichment factor (BSAF) value, and their range was between 0-17.9. The BSAF value of UV-531 is the highest and greater than 1, showing that it is more likely to be enriched in the organism than in the sediments. (5) the nutrient grade amplification factor (TMFs) of UVAs is 0.76-1.79. and OCR, UV-531 and UV-234 is more than 1, indicating that it may be amplified by the spread of the food chain.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(中国科学院广州地球化学研究所)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52;X171.5

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