京津冀城市群空气污染的模式总结与治理效果评估

发布时间：2018-06-23 04:54

本文选题：京津冀 + 空气污染　；参考：《环境科学》2017年10期

【摘要】：为探明全国空气污染最严重的京津冀城市群的空气污染防治路径与效果,系统整理了2013年以来国家和地区实施的空气污染防治措施,提出了分层跨区多向联动的大气污染防治模式,并基于对比评价2014~2015年13个城市112个监测点的SO_2、NO_2、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、O_3、CO等大气主要污染物的监测数据,评价了大气污染的治理效果.结果表明,HCML模式包括由国家-城市群-城市构成的分层纵向联动构架,协同多个省市行政区的跨区横向联动管治方式以及涉及产业准入、能源结构、绿色交通、跨区援助、监测预警和会商问责等内容的协同多向联动机制.通过模式实施,2014~2015年城市群的空气质量显著改善,除O_3外,空气污染物浓度显著降低,高污染范围由北向南显著缩小,其中PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2和CO的年均浓度分别下降17.84%、14.61%、37.55%、4.82%和16.18%;除NO_2外,污染物全年空气达标天数明显增加.在今后的治理过程中,HCML应该转向治理主体多元化轨道;创新排污监管与问责模式,完善公众监督机制;推进京津冀协同立法,精准打击污染行为;针对当前大气污染的核心问题与需求创新治理路径;加强科普宣传,以提升公众环境伦理意识保障源头减排.
[Abstract]:In order to find out the path and effect of air pollution prevention and control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, which is the most serious air pollution in China, the air pollution prevention and control measures implemented by countries and regions since 2013 have been systematically sorted out. A multi-directional air pollution prevention and control model is put forward, and based on the comparative evaluation of the monitoring data of the main atmospheric pollutants, such as so _ 2O _ (2) O _ (2.5) O _ 3CO and so _ 2O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (2) O _ (3) CO in 112 monitoring sites in 13 cities from 2014 to 2015, the effect of air pollution control is evaluated. The results show that the HCML model consists of a hierarchical and vertical linkage framework composed of a country, a city agglomeration and a city, a horizontal and coordinated governance pattern in collaboration with several provinces, cities and administrative regions, and involving industry access, energy structure, green transportation, and cross-regional assistance. Monitoring of early warning and consultation accountability and other elements of the coordinated multi-direction linkage mechanism. The air quality of the urban agglomeration improved significantly from 2014 to 2015, with the exception of O\ +\ {3\}, the concentration of air pollutants decreased significantly and the range of high pollution decreased significantly from north to south, in which the annual concentrations of PM2.5 / PM10 / so _ (10) so _ (2) and CO decreased by 17.84 ~ 14.61% and 16.18% respectively, with the exception of no _ 2, and so _ (10) O _ (10) O _ (10) O _ (2) and so _ (10) O _ (10) O _ (10) O _ (10). The number of days for pollutants reaching the standard of air increased significantly throughout the year. In the future, HCML should turn to the pluralistic track of the main body of governance, innovate the mode of pollution regulation and accountability, perfect the mechanism of public supervision, promote the coordination of legislation between Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and accurately crack down on pollution. Aiming at the core problem and demand of the current air pollution, we should strengthen the propaganda of popularizing science in order to promote the public's environmental ethics consciousness and guarantee the emission reduction at the source.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院区域可持续发展与模拟重点实验室;北京大学深圳研究生院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重大项目(41590842);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71433008)
【分类号】：X51

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