赤泥重金属和放射性元素的毒性浸出和生物可给性

发布时间：2018-06-28 08:01

本文选题：赤泥 + 重金属　；参考：《环境科学研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：以烧结法和拜耳法生产工艺中产生的赤泥为研究材料,对其重金属和放射性元素含量进行分析,并对两种赤泥中重金属和放射性元素浸出效果进行对比研究.结果表明:两种赤泥显现出不同的理化性质.赤泥中不同重金属的含量差别较大,其中烧结法和拜耳法赤泥中As、Pb、Cr的总含量分别为256.73、120.14、828.02 mg/kg和182.82、165.83、1 043.96 mg/kg,超过我国GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》.两种赤泥中Zn、As、Pb、Mn、Ni和Th等主要以残渣态的形式存在,可交换态较少,其TCLP浸出量与其存在于交换态金属含量相近.在PBET试验中,胃部消化阶段进行到1 h时,重金属(Cu、Zn除外)及放射性元素的浸出量达到最大,小肠阶段的浸出量明显降低,在胃部消化阶段1 h时拜耳法和烧结法赤泥Pb的浸出率分别达到95.28%和97.80%,表明赤泥中的重金属及放射性元素对人体存在着较大的潜在风险.
[Abstract]:The contents of heavy metals and radioactive elements in red mud produced by sintering and Bayer processes were analyzed and the leaching effects of heavy metals and radioactive elements in the two kinds of red mud were compared. The results showed that the two red mud showed different physicochemical properties. The contents of different heavy metals in red mud varied greatly, and the total contents of As-PbPbCr in sintered and Bayer red mud were 256.73120.14828.02 mg/kg and 182.82165.833.31 043.96 mg / kg, respectively, which exceeded the National Standard for soil Environmental quality (GB15618-1995). The total contents of heavy metals in red mud were 256.73120.14828.02 mg/kg and 182.82165.835 mg / kg, respectively. In the two kinds of red mud, Zn ~ (2 +) -As-PbPbMn-Mn-Ni and Th exist mainly in the form of residuals, but the exchangeable state is less, and the TCLP leaching amount is close to the content of metal in the exchangeable state. In PBET experiment, after 1 hour of gastric digestion, the leaching amount of heavy metals (except Cu-Zn) and radioactive elements reached the maximum, while the leaching amount of small intestine decreased obviously. The leaching rate of Pb from red mud by Bayer method and sintering method reached 95.28% and 97.80% respectively at 1 h of gastric digestion stage, which indicated that heavy metals and radioactive elements in red mud had a great potential risk to human body.
【作者单位】：河南师范大学环境学院黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室河南省环境污染控制重点实验室;南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院江苏省化工污染控制与资源化重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(5201219120004) 河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A610514) 河南省科技攻关计划项目(142102210457)
【分类号】：X171.5;X758

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