油气企业环境侵害法律风险及防控研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 01:29

本文选题：油气企业 + 环境侵害　；参考：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油和天然气作为重要的战略性资源,一直受到世界各国的高度重视。近年来,我国经济快速发展,对油气的需求越来越大,国内油气企业的年产量越来越大,油气进口量逐年递增,油气企业作为能源供应支柱企业,其重要性不言而喻。但是,从油气企业发展的历史角度看,作为环境侵害高危企业,油气企业的生产经营给生态环境造成了严重负面影响,而环境的破坏不仅危及人类的生存和发展,也必然制约油气企业的可持续发展。当前我国面临的环境问题十分严重,民众怨意日深,加大力度改善环境质量,加强对环境侵害行为的打击已是迫在眉睫。为此,2014年4月24日我国修订了 1989年的《环境保护法》,修订后的《环境保护法》呈现众多亮点,在诸多方面取得了突破和创新,并且明显加大了惩罚力度,被称为"史上最严"《环境保护法》,可以预见,该法的施行将为我国保护生态环境和防治环境侵害注入一剂强心针。"绿色"已成为"十三.五"开局之年全国人大、政协会议的两会热词,也成为整个"十三.五"发展的总基调,于2017年3月15日通过的新《民法总则》也新增加了绿色原则。可见,绿色发展观已在我国达成共识,绿色环保理念在我国民众中已逐步形成。在此背景下,油气企业作为环境侵害高风险企业,面临的环境侵害法律风险将越来越大,如果不实行科学有效的风险防控,将给油气企业带来不可估量的损失,对企业可持续发展造成极大压力。因此,本文结合环保法修订实施后我国油气企业发展所面临的严峻形势,从我国环境保护以及.油气企业实现可持续发展的迫切需求出发,探讨油气企业的环境侵害法律风险与对应的风险防控措施。本文分为五个部分。第一部分对选题的背景、意义、国内外研究现状以及研究方法等内容进行了介绍。第二部分对环境与环境问题、环境侵权与环境侵害、油气企业环境侵害法律风险等一系列相关概念进行了逐一的梳理与界定。第三部分对油气企业上、中、下游业务中常见的环境侵害法律风险做了归纳介绍,通过案例分析等方式指出环境侵害对企业、环境以及社会的影响。第四部分从新环保法的视角出发,重点研究了新环保下我国环境保护工作的新形势,指出目前油气企业在环境侵害法律风险防控方面存在的困境以及原因,明确新环保下油气企业防控环境侵害法律风险的新局面。第五部分对油气企业防控环境侵害法律风险的特殊性、重要意义以及油气企业环境侵害法律风险防控的基本原则进行了明晰,积极探索油气企业环境侵害法律风险防控的具体措施,从而对油气企业环境侵害法律风险防控的改进和完善提出了些许建议,包括参加环境责任保险、完善环境侵害应急管理、建立企业环境信息公开制度等。全文是从理论逐步到实践的渐进式论述,旨在对我国油气企业环境侵害法律风险防控提出一些建议,为油气企业发展提供借鉴,为打好"蓝天保卫战",实现"美丽中国"尽一份绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:As an important strategic resource, oil and gas have been highly valued by all countries in the world. In recent years, the rapid development of China's economy, the increasing demand for oil and gas, the increasing annual output of domestic oil and gas enterprises, the increasing import of oil and gas year by year, and the importance of the oil and gas enterprises as the pillar enterprises of energy supply are self-evident. From the historical point of view of the development of oil and gas enterprises, as a high-risk enterprise of environmental infringement, the production and operation of oil and gas enterprises have caused serious negative impact on the ecological environment, and the destruction of the environment not only endangers the survival and development of human beings, but also restricts the sustainable development of the oil and gas enterprises. In April 24, 2014, our country revised the 1989 "environmental protection law", and the revised "environmental protection law" has many bright spots, made a breakthrough and innovation in many aspects, and obviously increased the punishment. The most strict "environmental protection law" in history can be foreseen that the implementation of the law will injecting a strong needle into China's protection of the ecological environment and the prevention of environmental damage. "Green" has become the "thirteen. Five" National People's Congress, the two meetings of the CPPCC session, also become the overall "thirteen. Five" development of the general tone, the new "civil law" adopted in March 15, 2017. General principles have also added green principles. It is clear that green development concept has reached consensus in our country. The concept of green environmental protection has been gradually formed among the people of our country. Under this background, as a high risk enterprise, the oil and gas enterprises are facing more and more legal risks of environmental infringement. If they do not carry out scientific and effective risk prevention and control, the oil and gas enterprises will give oil to oil and gas. The inestimable loss of the gas enterprise brings great pressure to the sustainable development of the enterprises. Therefore, this paper, based on the environmental protection and the urgent demand for the sustainable development of the oil and gas enterprises, discusses the severe situation faced by the development of the oil and gas enterprises in China after the implementation of environmental protection law. This article is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the background, the significance, the domestic and foreign research status and the research methods. The second part has carried out a series of related concepts on the environmental and environmental problems, environmental infringement and environmental infringement, and the legal risk of the environmental invasion of the oil and gas enterprises. The third part introduces the legal risk of environmental infringement common in the oil and gas enterprises, middle and downstream business, and points out the influence of environmental infringement to the enterprise, the environment and the society through case analysis. The fourth part comes out from the perspective of the new environmental protection law, and focuses on the environmental protection workers under the new environmental protection. In the new situation, it points out the difficulties and causes of the legal risk prevention and control of the oil and gas enterprises at present, and makes clear the new situation that the oil and gas enterprises should prevent and control the environmental infringement of the legal risk under the new environmental protection. The fifth part has the particularity of the legal risk against the environmental infringement of the oil and gas enterprises, the importance of the environmental infringement law of the oil and gas enterprises and the law of the oil and gas enterprises. The basic principles of risk prevention and control are clarified, and the concrete measures for the environmental infringement of the oil and gas enterprises are actively explored, and some suggestions are put forward for the improvement and improvement of the legal risk prevention and control of the environmental infringement of the oil and gas enterprises, including the participation in the environmental liability insurance, the improvement of the emergency management of environmental infringement, and the establishment of the public system of enterprise environmental information. The full text is a gradual discussion from theory to practice. It aims to put forward some suggestions on the legal risk prevention and control of the environmental infringement of oil and gas enterprises in our country, provide a reference for the development of the oil and gas enterprises, and do a good job for "the battle of blue sky" and the realization of "beautiful China".
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923;D922.68

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