宿鸭湖沉积物重金属空间分布及潜在生态风险评价

发布时间：2018-07-10 05:04

本文选题：宿鸭湖 + 沉积物　；参考：《环境科学》2017年05期

【摘要】：为了研究宿鸭湖沉积物中重金属的污染状况,采集了宿鸭湖湖心、中围和外围这3个位置的沉积物,对沉积物中重金属Cu、Cd、Cr、Zn、Pb、Ni的含量进行测定,运用地积累指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对研究区的重金属含量特征和污染状况进行分析,并采用克里格法和相关性分析对重金属的分布规律和相互关系进行评价.结果表明:(1)就平均值而言,最大的是Zn达112.87 mg·kg~(-1),其次是Cr,平均值最小的Cd仅为0.41 mg·kg~(-1).除Cd和Cr之外,Cu、Zn、Pb和Ni的变异系数相对较小,在24%~31%之间,属于中度变异程度.Cd和Cr的变异系数分别为50.41%和41.92%,空间分异明显,说明其可能受到外界的影响更为显著;(2)重金属Cu、Cd、Cr、Zn、Pb和Ni之间具有很强的线性关系,存在显著的正相关性,且6种重金属具有一定的同源特征,有着共同的外源输入;(3)研究区主要的污染元素为Cd、Cr和Zn,污染程度相对比较严重,且范围广泛,其中,Cd的污染程度最为严重,整体的污染水平为中度等级,且在部分样点区的污染程度达至重度污染,Cr、Zn、Pb的污染状况相对比较轻缓,属于轻度污染等级,且Cu、Pb和Ni的整体状况较好,不存在生态风险;(4)就整体而言,宿鸭湖东北部污染程度较轻,西南的污染程度相对比较严重,呈现出明显的西南向东北递减的空间分布特征,位于库区外围的西南方向,各样点的各重金属含量均较高,而外围的东北部,是低含量重金属的聚集区,Cu、Cr、Zn、Ni为无污染状态.
[Abstract]:In order to study the pollution of heavy metals in the sediments of the lake, the sediments from the center, middle and periphery of the lake were collected, and the contents of the heavy metal Cu ~ (2 +) CD ~ (2 +) Cr ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) Zn ~ (2 +) PbN _ (2) Ni in the sediments were determined. The characteristics and pollution of heavy metals in the study area were analyzed by means of land accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method, and the distribution and correlation of heavy metals were evaluated by Kriging method and correlation analysis. The results showed that: (1) in terms of average value, Zn reached 112.87 mg kg ~ (-1), followed by Cr, and CD with the lowest average value was only 0.41 mg kg ~ (-1). In addition to CD and Cr, the coefficients of variation of Pb and Ni were relatively small. The coefficients of variation of CD and Cr were 50.41% and 41.92%, respectively, and the spatial differentiation was obvious, in the range of 24.1%, the variation coefficients of CD and Cr were 50.41% and 41.92%, respectively. (2) there is a strong linear relationship between the heavy metal Cu ~ (2 +) and Cu ~ (2 +), and there is a significant positive correlation between them, and the six heavy metals have some homology. (3) the main pollution elements in the study area are Cdcr and Zn.The pollution degree is relatively serious and has a wide range, among which the pollution level of CD is the most serious, and the overall pollution level is moderate. Moreover, the pollution degree of Cr-Zn Pb in some sample areas is relatively mild, which belongs to the light pollution grade, and the overall condition of Cu, Pb and Ni is better, and there is no ecological risk. (4) on the whole, there is no ecological risk. The pollution degree of the northeast part of the lake is relatively light, and the pollution degree of the southwest is relatively serious, showing the spatial distribution characteristics of decreasing from the southwest to the northeast, which is located in the southwest direction of the periphery of the reservoir area, and the contents of heavy metals in each point are higher. On the other hand, in the northeast of the periphery, there is no pollution in the low heavy metal concentration area.
【作者单位】：河南大学环境与规划学院;中原经济区"三化"协调发展河南省协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41601175) 河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2014CJJ016) 河南省基础与前沿技术研究计划项目(152300410067) 河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(16IRTSTHN012)
【分类号】：X524;X826

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