环境冲突治理中的制度缺陷及优化策略研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 05:38

本文选题：环境冲突 + 冲突治理　；参考：《湖北工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国环境冲突治理中,存在一系列的制度缺陷。在制度设计之初,认知偏差导致环境治理的制度设计的指向不明,制度设计的初衷和实际结果出现错位和反差。在制度执行过程中的一些缺陷,使得环境冲突治理的效果难以显现出来。本文从制度层面上对环境冲突治理中的缺陷进行研究。全文共分为五个部分。第一部分通过对环境冲突问题的文献收集和研究,发现现有的研究大多从宏观的角度来分析环境冲突,少有学者从微观角度来分析环境冲突问题。第二部分界定环境冲突的含义和特性,提出本文研究的理论基础。第三部分论述环境冲突治理中存在的制度缺陷。研究表明,由于公务员任期短期化,政企合谋和环境考评设计缺陷等问题,造成制度选择原则偏失;由于排污总量核定受到经济发展干扰,排污总量不断被突破,初始分配方案不合理,全国统一的排污权交易制度框架难以形成;环境治理中公众参与机制不健全,公众参与环境立法、执法和诉讼的基础不牢,参与环境治理的范围过窄;环境信息公开机制不完善,环境信息公开法律法规不完善,政府政策保障不足,信息公开不准确、不及时,信息公开企业数量少、内容单一、模式凌乱,缺乏公众参与舆论监督。第四部分阐述环境冲突治理中制度缺陷产生的原因,即,由于政府在环境事件中扮演着多重角色和环境审计主体与内容认知错位,地方政府的角色认知偏差;排放标准设定的存在逻辑困境,环境标准设定思路不清晰;企业和政府对排污费的认知和定位各不相同,排污费交易制度的初衷与实际存在反差。第五部分,针对上文提到制度缺陷问题,提出规范政府行为,厘清错误认知现状,多主体共同参与的协同治理,完善环境法制化进程等措施。
[Abstract]:There are a series of institutional defects in the management of environmental conflicts in China. At the beginning of the system design, cognitive deviation leads to the uncertainty of the system design of environmental governance. The original intention and actual result of the system design are misplaced and contrasting. Some defects in the implementation of the system make it difficult to show the effect of environmental conflict management. This paper studies the defects in the governance of environmental conflict from the system level. The full text is divided into five parts. In the first part, through the literature collection and research on the environmental conflict, it is found that most of the existing studies analyze the environmental conflict from the macro perspective, and few scholars analyze the environmental conflict from the microscopic point of view. The second part defines the meaning and characteristics of environmental conflict and puts forward the theoretical basis of this study. The third part discusses the institutional defects in the governance of environmental conflict. The study shows that due to the short-term tenure of civil servants, the problems of government and enterprise collusion and the defects of environmental evaluation and design, the principle of system selection is biased, and the total amount of sewage discharge is constantly broken through because of the interference of economic development in the total amount of sewage discharged. The initial distribution scheme is unreasonable, the unified national emission trading system framework is difficult to form, the mechanism of public participation in environmental governance is not perfect, the basis of public participation in environmental legislation, law enforcement and litigation is not strong, and the scope of participation in environmental governance is too narrow. The environmental information disclosure mechanism is not perfect, the environmental information disclosure laws and regulations are not perfect, the government policy protection is insufficient, the information disclosure is not accurate and timely, the number of information disclosure enterprises is small, the content is single, the mode is messy, Lack of public participation in public opinion supervision. The fourth part expounds the causes of institutional defects in the governance of environmental conflict, that is, because the government plays many roles in environmental events and the cognition of the subject and content of environmental audit is wrong, the local government's role cognition deviation; There is a logical dilemma in the setting of emission standards, and the idea of setting environmental standards is not clear; the cognition and orientation of sewage charges are different between enterprises and governments, and the original intention of sewage charges trading system is different from the actual ones. The fifth part, in view of the system defect mentioned above, puts forward some measures, such as standardizing the government behavior, clarifying the current situation of wrong cognition, the cooperative governance of multi-subjects participating together, perfecting the process of environmental legalization and so on.
【学位授予单位】：湖北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X-01;D630

【参考文献】