艾比湖盐尘气溶胶光学特性卫星和地基遥感观测

发布时间：2018-07-17 08:18

【摘要】：自20世纪50年代艾比湖湖面面积急速退化造成大面积湖底裸露,裸露的干涸湖底成为丰富的粉尘和盐尘源,使得该地区面临严重的盐尘灾害威胁。为了研究艾比湖流域盐尘灾害对区域大气污染状况以及盐尘气溶胶光学性质,利用MODIS气溶胶产品数据获取2002年至今该地区尘暴总体演变态势;利用云气溶胶偏振雷达(CALIOP)遥感数据以及Microtops II手持太阳光度计,对盐尘灾害高发时间段大气气溶胶总后向散射系数、退偏比、色比、气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)及Angstr?m波长指数(α)等参数进行特征分析,利用拉格朗日混合扩散模型(HYSPLIT)讨论盐尘污染的输送。实验结果表明:受大风天气和人类活动影响,春季是艾比湖流域盐尘灾害高发时段;盐尘灾害发生时,粉尘影响范围主要集中在近地面低空,对近尘源区的精河县、托托乡和乌苏市等地区造成较大影响;风速是影响局地气溶胶变化的主要因素,在局地尘源介入的影响下,距干涸湖底不同距离的地区气溶胶光学性质存在一定差异;盐尘主要在近尘源地区沉降,部分粉尘颗粒上升至高空大气,可对华北地区造成影响。地基和卫星遥感技术相结合,可实现区域气溶胶光学特性的准确估算,为认识盐尘灾害提供科学参考。
[Abstract]:Since the rapid degradation of lake area in 1950's, large areas of lake bottom have been exposed, and the exposed dry lake floor has become a rich source of dust and salt dust, which makes the area face a serious threat of salt dust disaster. In order to study the regional atmospheric pollution caused by salt and dust disaster and the optical properties of salt dust aerosol in Ebinur Lake Basin, the general evolution trend of dust storm in this area was obtained from 2002 to present by using MODIS aerosol product data. Using remote sensing data of cloud aerosol polarization radar (CALIOP) and microtops II hand-held solar photometer, the total backward scattering coefficient, depolarization ratio and color ratio of atmospheric aerosols in the period of high salt dust disaster are studied. The characteristics of aerosol optical thickness (AOD) and Angstr?m wavelength index (伪) were analyzed and the transport of salt dust was discussed by Lagrange mixed diffusion model (HYSPLIT). The experimental results show that, under the influence of strong wind weather and human activities, spring is the period of high incidence of salt and dust disaster in Ebinur Lake basin, and when the salt dust disaster occurs, the influence range of dust is mainly concentrated in the near ground low altitude. The wind speed is the main factor affecting the local aerosol changes, and the optical properties of aerosols in different distances from the dry lake bottom are different under the influence of local dust source. Salt dust is mainly deposited near the dust source, and some dust particles rise to the upper atmosphere, which can affect North China. The combination of ground-based and satellite remote sensing technology can realize the accurate estimation of regional aerosol optical properties and provide a scientific reference for the understanding of salt and dust disasters.
【作者单位】：新疆大学资源与环境科学学院;新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室;新疆交通职业技术学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(编号:U1303381,41261090) 自治区重点实验室专项基金(编号:2016D03001) 自治区科技支疆项目(编号:201591101) 教育部促进与美大地区科研合作与高层次人才培养项目自治区专家顾问团决策研究与咨询项目(编号:201601044)~~
【分类号】：X513;X87

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