基于足迹家族法的泉州城市环境承载力评价研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 15:54
【摘要】：随着经济发展带来一系列生态破坏问题,对地区环境承载力提出了挑战,片面的追求经济高速增长的传统模式己不再适应当今和未来发展需求,因此有很强烈的必要在环境承载力范围内使得人口、经济和资源与环境相互协调发展。泉州市作为高度依赖工业发展的城市,其能源消耗、资源消费是否是在环境承载力范围内值得引起关注和研究。本文主要利用福建省泉州市从2005年到2014年生物资源、水资源和能源资源等数据,从而计算三种足迹指标,包括生态足迹、水足迹和碳足迹,还有三种承载力指标,包括生态承载力、水承载力和碳承载力,根据不同土地的足迹指数和承载力指数做相应的结构对比和描述性统计分析。分别从生态盈亏、水资源盈亏和净碳足迹三种指标评价泉州市的环境承载力和动态变化。最后设计三种指标的权重系数,分析综合足迹和综合承载力的现状和变动趋势,利用综合足迹和综合承载力的差值评价泉州市总体环境承载力和可持续发展现状。得出以下结论:从生态环境角度来看,泉州市生态环境承载力以生态赤字为主,生态赤字从2005年的1.51hm2/cap到2014年下降到1.39hm2/cap,有逐渐改善的趋势;从水环境角度来看,泉州市十年间都是水资源生态盈余状态,多年平均值是水资源盈余0.15hm2/cap,城市内水资源承载力基本可以满足当地不同产品用水消费需求,但有逐渐恶化的趋势,2005-2014年间从水资源盈余0.81hm2/cap到水资源赤字0.85hm2/cap,生态盈余变动趋势逐渐减小;从碳资源环境角度来看,泉州市能源碳环境主要是碳承载力盈余状态,碳承载力基本能够保证当地能源消费产生的碳排放,但2005-2014年间净碳足迹从-0.81hm2/cap到0.85hm2/cap,发展前景不好,净碳足迹逐渐增加;综合以上三种指标数据来看,泉州市综合足迹逐渐增加,综合承载力逐渐减少,综合指数从2005年的-0.24上升到2014年的0.76,2010年之后都是生态赤字状态,整体从生态盈余往生态赤字发展,环境承载力逐渐无法负荷和满足当地生物生产消费、水资源消费和碳排放带来的综合足迹。就以上现状和变动趋势,提出了增加泉州市环境承载力和减少各项足迹指标的相关建议和对策,为日后政府及相关部门制定政策与规划提供科学、合理的依据。
[Abstract]:With a series of ecological destruction problems brought by economic development, regional environmental carrying capacity is challenged. The traditional mode of one-sided pursuit of rapid economic growth is no longer suitable for current and future development needs. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate the development of population, economy and resources with the environment within the range of environmental carrying capacity. Quanzhou is highly dependent on industrial development, its energy consumption and resource consumption are worthy of attention and research within the scope of environmental carrying capacity. This paper mainly uses the data of biological resources, water resources and energy resources from 2005 to 2014 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, so as to calculate three kinds of footprint indicators, including ecological footprint, water footprint and carbon footprint, as well as three carrying capacity indicators. It includes ecological carrying capacity, water carrying capacity and carbon carrying capacity. According to the footprint index and carrying capacity index of different land, the corresponding structure comparison and descriptive statistical analysis are made. The environmental carrying capacity and dynamic change of Quanzhou were evaluated from three indexes: ecological profit and loss, water resources profit and loss and net carbon footprint. Finally, the weight coefficients of three indexes are designed, and the current situation and trend of comprehensive footprint and comprehensive bearing capacity are analyzed. The difference between comprehensive footprint and comprehensive bearing capacity is used to evaluate the overall environmental carrying capacity and sustainable development status of Quanzhou City. The following conclusions are drawn: from the ecological environment point of view, the ecological environmental carrying capacity of Quanzhou City is mainly ecological deficit, the ecological deficit decreased from 2005 to 2014 to 1.39 hm2 / cap. there is a trend of gradual improvement; from the point of view of water environment, Quanzhou has been in a state of ecological surplus of water resources for ten years. The annual average value is 0.15hm2 / cap. the carrying capacity of water resources in the city can basically meet the demand for water consumption of different products in the city. However, there is a tendency of deterioration from water surplus 0.81hm2/cap to water resources deficit of 0.85hm2 / cap.From the perspective of carbon resources and environment, the energy carbon environment in Quanzhou City is mainly a surplus state of carbon carrying capacity. Carbon carrying capacity can basically guarantee the carbon emissions generated by local energy consumption, but between 2005 and 2014, the net carbon footprint from -0.81hm2pcap to 0.85hm2capcap. the development prospects are not good, the net carbon footprint is gradually increasing. In the light of the above three index data, the comprehensive footprint of Quanzhou City is gradually increasing. The comprehensive carrying capacity gradually decreased, the composite index increased from -0.24 in 2005 to 0.76 in 2014. After 2010, the overall ecological deficit state, the overall development from ecological surplus to ecological deficit, the environmental carrying capacity gradually unable to load and meet the local biological production and consumption. The integrated footprint of water consumption and carbon emissions. On the basis of the present situation and the changing trend, the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to increase the environmental carrying capacity and reduce the footprint index of Quanzhou City, which provides a scientific and reasonable basis for the government and related departments to formulate policies and plans in the future.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X24
本文编号：2130163
[Abstract]:With a series of ecological destruction problems brought by economic development, regional environmental carrying capacity is challenged. The traditional mode of one-sided pursuit of rapid economic growth is no longer suitable for current and future development needs. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate the development of population, economy and resources with the environment within the range of environmental carrying capacity. Quanzhou is highly dependent on industrial development, its energy consumption and resource consumption are worthy of attention and research within the scope of environmental carrying capacity. This paper mainly uses the data of biological resources, water resources and energy resources from 2005 to 2014 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, so as to calculate three kinds of footprint indicators, including ecological footprint, water footprint and carbon footprint, as well as three carrying capacity indicators. It includes ecological carrying capacity, water carrying capacity and carbon carrying capacity. According to the footprint index and carrying capacity index of different land, the corresponding structure comparison and descriptive statistical analysis are made. The environmental carrying capacity and dynamic change of Quanzhou were evaluated from three indexes: ecological profit and loss, water resources profit and loss and net carbon footprint. Finally, the weight coefficients of three indexes are designed, and the current situation and trend of comprehensive footprint and comprehensive bearing capacity are analyzed. The difference between comprehensive footprint and comprehensive bearing capacity is used to evaluate the overall environmental carrying capacity and sustainable development status of Quanzhou City. The following conclusions are drawn: from the ecological environment point of view, the ecological environmental carrying capacity of Quanzhou City is mainly ecological deficit, the ecological deficit decreased from 2005 to 2014 to 1.39 hm2 / cap. there is a trend of gradual improvement; from the point of view of water environment, Quanzhou has been in a state of ecological surplus of water resources for ten years. The annual average value is 0.15hm2 / cap. the carrying capacity of water resources in the city can basically meet the demand for water consumption of different products in the city. However, there is a tendency of deterioration from water surplus 0.81hm2/cap to water resources deficit of 0.85hm2 / cap.From the perspective of carbon resources and environment, the energy carbon environment in Quanzhou City is mainly a surplus state of carbon carrying capacity. Carbon carrying capacity can basically guarantee the carbon emissions generated by local energy consumption, but between 2005 and 2014, the net carbon footprint from -0.81hm2pcap to 0.85hm2capcap. the development prospects are not good, the net carbon footprint is gradually increasing. In the light of the above three index data, the comprehensive footprint of Quanzhou City is gradually increasing. The comprehensive carrying capacity gradually decreased, the composite index increased from -0.24 in 2005 to 0.76 in 2014. After 2010, the overall ecological deficit state, the overall development from ecological surplus to ecological deficit, the environmental carrying capacity gradually unable to load and meet the local biological production and consumption. The integrated footprint of water consumption and carbon emissions. On the basis of the present situation and the changing trend, the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to increase the environmental carrying capacity and reduce the footprint index of Quanzhou City, which provides a scientific and reasonable basis for the government and related departments to formulate policies and plans in the future.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X24
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