基于地球化学特性的海州湾海洋牧场沉积物重金属研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 17:39

【摘要】：海洋牧场是一种新的可持续的生产方式,对中国海洋经济的转型具有重要作用.本文根据海底构筑物的密集程度与投放时间把海州湾海洋牧场划分为3个区(外侧区、内测区、中心区),对表层沉积物的温度(T)、酸碱度(p H)、氧化还原电位(Eh)、表面积平均粒径(D[3,2])、总有机碳(TOC)这5种地球化学指标进行原位调查,采用改进的BCR方法对重金属Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cd进行连续提取.结果表明,沉积物Eh的横向分布受到了海底构筑物的影响,TOC在11.7~13.5 g·kg-1之间,与p H呈显著负相关;Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr以原生相为主要赋存形态,Pb、Cd以次生相的铁锰氧化物结合态(F2)为主要赋存形态,并受Eh控制;相关性及聚类分析表明,Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn为天然源,Cd、Pb存在明显的人为来源;Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd的可交换及碳酸盐结合态(F1)与TOC显著相关,Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd铁锰氧化物结合态(F2)、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn的残渣态(F4)都与沉积物粒度显著相关,不同形态的Cd受多环境因子控制;海洋牧场中心区和外侧区沉积物中重金属总量、次生相含量均较内侧区和对照区要低.由于海底构筑物和水动力学的差异性,海洋牧场内侧区细颗粒与有机质对沉积物重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn次生相的富集、吸附作用要大于颗粒再悬浮的释放作用,而在中心区、外侧区细颗粒和有机质影响较小;沉积物富集系数显示Cd出现了富集现象.
[Abstract]:Ocean pasture is a new sustainable mode of production, which plays an important role in the transformation of China's marine economy. In this paper, according to the density and time of seabed structure, Haizhou Bay Marine Ranch is divided into three areas: outer area, internal test area, The surface sediment temperature (T), pH (pH), redox potential (Eh), average surface area particle size (D [3b2]) and total organic carbon (TOC) were investigated in situ. The results show that the transverse distribution of Eh in sediments is affected by the seafloor structure. The TOC is between 11.7g kg-1 and 13.5g kg-1, and there is a significant negative correlation between kg-1 and pH. The primary phase is the main occurrence form of Pb-Pb-C and the main occurrence form is the iron-manganese oxide binding state (F2) of the secondary phase. Under the control of Eh, the correlation and cluster analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the exchangeable and carbonate bound state (F1) and the TOC of the Pb and the residue (F _ 4) of the (F2) Cr-NiCU (F _ 2) Cr _ (2) C _ (2) (P _ (2) (P _ (2) Cu ~ (2) (P _ (4), and the significant correlation between the residual state (F _ 4) and the grain size of the sediments, as well as the significant correlation between the carbonate bound state (F _ (1) and the TOC (C _ (1) and TOC (P < 0.05). Different forms of CD were controlled by many environmental factors, and the contents of heavy metals in the sediments of the central and lateral areas of marine pastures were lower than those in the medial area and the control area. Because of the difference of seabed structure and hydrodynamics, the accumulation of fine particles and organic matter to the secondary phase of the sediment heavy metal Cr-NiNiCU Zn in the inner part of the marine pasture is greater than that of the release of the particle resuspension, but in the central area. The effect of fine particles and organic matter in the lateral area is small, and the enrichment coefficient of sediment shows that CD is enriched.
【作者单位】：上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院;上海海洋大学海洋科学学院;上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：农业部转产转业项目(D-8006-12-0018,D8006-15-8014) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303047) 环境科学与工程本研一体化教学团队项目(A1-0201-00-032236)
【分类号】：X55

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