三种豆科植物对铜尾矿矿砂的抗性及修复潜力研究
发布时间：2018-07-26 09:17
【摘要】：本文选用三种豆科植物紫花豌豆(Pisum sativum)、紫红豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)和紫扁豆(Lablab purpureus)为试验材料。采用盆栽培养方式,研究三种豆科植物在铜(Cu)尾矿矿砂胁迫下的生长指标、抗性生理及对Cu尾矿修复潜力。主要研究结果如下:(1)通过盆栽试验研究不同Cu尾矿矿砂含量对三种豆科植物生长和金属离子富集的影响。研究表明,三种豆科植物对Cu尾矿矿砂具有一定的适应能力,对纯Cu尾矿的耐受能力以豌豆最强,地上部和地下部干质量均比纯土壤中栽培的高。三种豆科植物的固氮能力,紫红豇豆紫花豌豆紫扁豆。不同尾矿处理下三种豆科植物地上部和地下部Cu含量与对照相比上升显著(P0.05)。三种豆科植物富集的Cu含量大部分停滞在根部,各处理下紫花豌豆和紫红豇豆Cu迁移率均小于1。(2)通过Cu尾矿矿砂和土壤不同混合比胁迫试验,研究Cu尾矿矿砂对三种豆科植物生理指标的影响。研究表明,紫花豌豆幼苗与紫扁豆地上部分MDA含量均随Cu尾砂含量的升高呈先升后降的趋势,紫红豇豆幼苗和紫扁豆地下部MDA含量均有所下降。除紫花豌豆SOD活性逐渐升高和紫扁豆的地上部分CAT先升后降外,三种豆科植物其他酶活性均呈下降趋势。紫花豌豆AsA和GSH含量、紫扁豆GSH含量均呈下降趋势,而紫红豇豆GSH含量随着Cu尾矿砂含量的增高而上升。(3)全尾矿处理下,研究三种豆科植物与黄菖蒲复合栽培对植物生长、Cu富集及栽培基质酶活性的影响。研究结果发现,生长及耐性指数I+P处理H+I处理V+I处理,Cu2+的吸收量I+P处理I+H处理I+V处理,脲酶活性I+P处理I+V处理I+H处理,磷酸酶活性I+V处理其他两种,脱氢酶活性I+P处理I+V处理I+H处理,电导率下降程度I+H处理I+V处理I+P处理。试验表明,黄菖蒲与紫花豌豆复合种植对Cu尾矿矿砂的修复能力最强。(4)通过对Cu尾矿施加氮磷钾及菌肥,探讨对栽培在其中两种豆科植物生长及Cu2+富集的影响。研究表明,氮磷钾及菌肥对纯Cu尾矿中栽植的紫红豇豆耐性起促进作用,对紫扁豆耐性未起到作用。在氮磷钾及菌肥处理下紫红豇豆对Cu的富集均显著高于对照,紫扁豆对Cu富集只有菌肥处理下显著高于对照,但是紫扁豆Cu富集系数和Cu迁移率均高于紫红豇豆。研究结果表明,三种豆科植物均能够在Cu尾矿矿砂中生长,可改善尾矿矿砂基质的环境,并且吸收一定量的Cu,其中黄菖蒲与紫花豌豆复合种植对Cu尾矿矿砂的耐性及其修复能力最强。
[Abstract]:In this paper, three legume plants, (Pisum sativum), Violet cowpea, (Vigna unguiculata) and (Lablab purpureus), were used as experimental materials. The growth index, resistance physiology and remediation potential of three legume plants under copper (Cu) tailings stress were studied by pot culture. The main results are as follows: (1) the effects of different Cu tailings on the growth of three legume plants and the enrichment of metal ions were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that the three legume plants had a certain adaptability to Cu tailings, and pea had the strongest tolerance to pure Cu tailings, and the dry weight of both aboveground and underground parts was higher than that of pure soil. Nitrogen fixation ability of three legumes, purple cowpeas, peas and lentils. The contents of Cu in the aboveground and underground parts of three legume plants under different tailings treatments were significantly higher than those of the control (P0.05). The Cu content of the three legume plants was mostly stagnant at the root, and the Cu mobility of both purple pea and purple cowpea was less than 1. (2) the stress test of Cu tailings sand and soil with different mixing ratio was carried out. The effects of Cu tailings on the physiological indexes of three legumes were studied. The results showed that the content of MDA in the aboveground part of pea seedlings and lentils increased first and then decreased with the increase of Cu content, while the MDA content in the seedlings of Violet cowpea and in the underground part of purple lentils decreased. The activities of other enzymes in the three legumes showed a downward trend except that the SOD activity of pea rose gradually and the CAT of the aboveground part of purple lentils rose first and then decreased. The contents of AsA, GSH and GSH of purple lentils decreased, while the GSH content of Violet cowpea increased with the increase of Cu tailings. (3) under the treatment of whole tailings, the content of GSH increased. The effects of three legume plants and Acorus calamus on Cu enrichment and substrate enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that growth and tolerance index I P treatment, I treatment I treatment, I H treatment I H treatment I V treatment, urease activity I P treatment I V treatment I H treatment, phosphatase activity I V treatment other two kinds of treatment, I P treatment I H treatment, I H treatment I H treatment, Dehydrogenase activity I P treatment I V treatment I H treatment, I H treatment I H treatment. The results showed that the compound planting of Acorus calamus and pea had the strongest effect on the recovery of Cu tailings sand. (4) the effects of applying nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and bacterial fertilizer on the growth and Cu2 enrichment of two legume plants were studied by applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to Cu tailings. The results showed that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and bacterial fertilizer promoted the tolerance of purple cowpea planted in pure Cu tailings, but had no effect on the tolerance of purple lentils. The concentration of Cu in Violet cowpea was significantly higher than that in CK under nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and bacterial fertilizer treatments, while Cu concentration in Violet lentils was significantly higher than that in CK only under Bacterium-Fertilizer treatment, but Cu enrichment coefficient and Cu mobility in Violet lentils were higher than those in Violet cowpea. The results show that all three legume plants can grow in Cu tailings and improve the environment of tailings matrix. And absorb a certain amount of Cu, among which the compound planting of Acorus calamus and pea has the strongest tolerance and remediation ability to Cu tailings sand.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X753;X173
本文编号：2145556
[Abstract]:In this paper, three legume plants, (Pisum sativum), Violet cowpea, (Vigna unguiculata) and (Lablab purpureus), were used as experimental materials. The growth index, resistance physiology and remediation potential of three legume plants under copper (Cu) tailings stress were studied by pot culture. The main results are as follows: (1) the effects of different Cu tailings on the growth of three legume plants and the enrichment of metal ions were studied by pot experiment. The results showed that the three legume plants had a certain adaptability to Cu tailings, and pea had the strongest tolerance to pure Cu tailings, and the dry weight of both aboveground and underground parts was higher than that of pure soil. Nitrogen fixation ability of three legumes, purple cowpeas, peas and lentils. The contents of Cu in the aboveground and underground parts of three legume plants under different tailings treatments were significantly higher than those of the control (P0.05). The Cu content of the three legume plants was mostly stagnant at the root, and the Cu mobility of both purple pea and purple cowpea was less than 1. (2) the stress test of Cu tailings sand and soil with different mixing ratio was carried out. The effects of Cu tailings on the physiological indexes of three legumes were studied. The results showed that the content of MDA in the aboveground part of pea seedlings and lentils increased first and then decreased with the increase of Cu content, while the MDA content in the seedlings of Violet cowpea and in the underground part of purple lentils decreased. The activities of other enzymes in the three legumes showed a downward trend except that the SOD activity of pea rose gradually and the CAT of the aboveground part of purple lentils rose first and then decreased. The contents of AsA, GSH and GSH of purple lentils decreased, while the GSH content of Violet cowpea increased with the increase of Cu tailings. (3) under the treatment of whole tailings, the content of GSH increased. The effects of three legume plants and Acorus calamus on Cu enrichment and substrate enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that growth and tolerance index I P treatment, I treatment I treatment, I H treatment I H treatment I V treatment, urease activity I P treatment I V treatment I H treatment, phosphatase activity I V treatment other two kinds of treatment, I P treatment I H treatment, I H treatment I H treatment, Dehydrogenase activity I P treatment I V treatment I H treatment, I H treatment I H treatment. The results showed that the compound planting of Acorus calamus and pea had the strongest effect on the recovery of Cu tailings sand. (4) the effects of applying nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and bacterial fertilizer on the growth and Cu2 enrichment of two legume plants were studied by applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to Cu tailings. The results showed that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and bacterial fertilizer promoted the tolerance of purple cowpea planted in pure Cu tailings, but had no effect on the tolerance of purple lentils. The concentration of Cu in Violet cowpea was significantly higher than that in CK under nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and bacterial fertilizer treatments, while Cu concentration in Violet lentils was significantly higher than that in CK only under Bacterium-Fertilizer treatment, but Cu enrichment coefficient and Cu mobility in Violet lentils were higher than those in Violet cowpea. The results show that all three legume plants can grow in Cu tailings and improve the environment of tailings matrix. And absorb a certain amount of Cu, among which the compound planting of Acorus calamus and pea has the strongest tolerance and remediation ability to Cu tailings sand.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X753;X173
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