青霉素菌渣肥对土壤环境及萝卜品质的影响

发布时间：2018-08-12 16:27

【摘要】：青霉素菌渣具有较高的营养价值,菌渣肥料化技术将成为解决菌渣处置问题的重要手段.为了评估青霉素菌渣肥肥效,通过田间小区试验,采用6种不同施肥方式[(1)CK,不施肥;(2)CF,常规量化肥;(3)MF,化肥与菌渣肥1:1混施(混合肥);(4)PF1,常规量青霉素菌渣肥;(5)PF2,2倍常规量青霉素菌渣肥;(6)PF4,4倍常规量青霉素菌渣肥],考察菌渣肥对土壤环境及萝卜品质的影响.结果表明:青霉素菌渣肥的施入相对于不施肥处理可以提高土壤营养成分的含量,其中w(速效钾)和w(速效磷)在PF2处理下增加最多,w(速效钾)增加了23.7%,w(速效磷)增加了17.9%,之后是MF;在萝卜的整个生长期,土壤中微生物的含量与青霉素菌渣肥施加量呈正相关,在发芽期微生物数量最高;此外,在发芽期各处理方式相对于不施肥处理,均能提高蛋白酶和蔗糖酶的活性,随着青霉素菌渣肥施入量的增加,脲酶活性变化不明显,蔗糖酶活性逐渐增大.在萝卜品质方面,施加青霉素菌渣肥可提高萝卜的品质,如根质量最高提高了73.57%,w(维生素C)提高11.28%~148.20%,w(可溶性糖)提高12.00%~58.60%;施加菌渣肥也会增加萝卜中硝酸盐的含量,但过量施加菌渣肥会增加硝酸盐含量,存在一定的风险.
[Abstract]:Penicillin bacteria residue is of high nutritional value, and the fertilizer technology will become an important means to solve the problem of disposal of bacteria residue. In order to evaluate the fertilizer efficiency of penicillin bacteria residue, a field experiment was conducted. Six different fertilization methods were adopted [(1) CK, without fertilization; (2) CFF, conventional fertilizer; (3) MFF, 1:1 mixed application of chemical fertilizer and bacterial residue fertilizer (mixed fertilizer); (4) PF1, conventional amount of penicillin bacteria residue fertilizer; (5) PF2N 2 times conventional quantity of penicillin bacterial residue fertilizer; (6) PF4 4 times conventional amount of penicillin bacteria residue fertilizer] Effects of residue Fertilizer on soil Environment and Radish quality. The results showed that the application of penicillin bacteria residue fertilizer could increase the content of soil nutrients compared with no fertilizer application. Among them, w (available potassium) and w (available phosphorus) increased most under PF2 treatment, and the amount of available potassium increased by 23.7w (available phosphorus), and then increased by 17.9.The microbial content in soil was positively correlated with the amount of penicillin bacteria residue fertilizer applied in the whole growth period of radish. In addition, the activities of protease and sucrase were increased in all treatments at germinating stage compared with no fertilizer application, but the urease activity did not change obviously with the increase of fertilizer application amount of penicillin bacteria residue. Sucrase activity increased gradually. In terms of the quality of radish, the quality of radish could be improved by applying penicillin bacteria residue fertilizer, such as the highest root quality increased by 73.57% (vitamin C), the content of nitrate in radish was increased by 11.288.20% (soluble sugar), the content of nitrate in radish was also increased by adding bacteria residue fertilizer. However, excessive application of bacteria residue fertilizer will increase nitrate content, there is a certain risk.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院;哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源和水环境国家重点实验室;黑龙江大学电子工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(61505050) 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(F2015015) 黑龙江大学杰出青年科学基金项目(JCL201504)
【分类号】：S631.1;X787

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