南水北调中线水源区氮磷面源污染负荷计算

发布时间：2018-08-25 15:57

【摘要】：近几十年来,南水北调中线水源区农业面源污染问题日益凸显。选取丹江口库区代表性监测断面进行水质和富营养化分析,并利用输出系数法计算分析水源区面源污染情况。分析结论为:丹江口库区水质基本良好,但总氮浓度超标,目前富营养化程度不高,尚处于中营养状态;2014年南水北调中线水源区总氮年输出量为13.53万t,总磷年输出量为0.63万t,其中畜禽养殖业对总氮年输出量的贡献率最高,农村生活对总磷年输出量的贡献率最高;按照行政区划分析,总氮年输出量最高的市为十堰市,总磷年输出量最高的市为汉中市;南阳市是水源区单位面积污染负荷强度最高的市;平原丘陵区单位面积面源污染负荷强度最高,面源污染负荷强度随着海拔的上升明显降低。通过计算水源区不同区域面源污染情况,可以摸清中线水源区面源污染总量及分布特征,为水源区的水质保护和管理提供支撑。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution in the middle route of south-to-north water transfer has become increasingly prominent. The representative monitoring section of Danjiangkou reservoir area was selected to analyze the water quality and eutrophication, and the non-point source pollution in the source area was calculated and analyzed by the method of output coefficient. The conclusions are as follows: the water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir area is basically good, but the total nitrogen concentration exceeds the standard, and the eutrophication degree is not high at present. In 2014, the annual output of nitrogen and total phosphorus were 135300 t and 6300 t respectively, and the contribution rate of livestock and poultry industry to the annual output of total nitrogen was the highest in the middle line of South-to-North Water transfer Project. According to the analysis of administrative divisions, Shiyan city is the city with the highest annual total nitrogen output, and Hanzhong city has the highest annual total phosphorus output. Nanyang City is the city with the highest pollution load intensity per unit area of water source, and the non-point source pollution load intensity is the highest in the plain hilly area, and the intensity of non-point source pollution load decreases obviously with the increase of altitude. By calculating the non-point source pollution in different areas of the water source area, the total amount and distribution characteristics of the non-point source pollution in the water source area can be found out, which can provide support for the water quality protection and management in the water source area.
【作者单位】：国务院南水北调工程建设委员会办公室政策及技术研究中心;长江水利委员会长江流域水环境监测中心;南水北调中线干线工程建设管理局;
【分类号】：X52

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