向海与查干湖湿地浮游植物群落结构及其与水环境因子的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 11:34

【摘要】：本文采用单因子指数法对向海湿地和查干湖湿地水质状况进行评价,评价结果显示查干湖湿地整体水质污染程度较向海湿地严重。研究区域的浮游植物群落分布特征表明,向海湿地共检出绿藻门(39.76%)、硅藻门(36.75%)、蓝藻门(12.05%)、裸藻门(7.83%)、甲藻门(3.01%)、隐藻门(0.60%)浮游植物共6门166种,查干湖湿地共检出绿藻门(52.67%)、硅藻门(24.43%)、蓝藻门(12.21%)、裸藻门(7.63%)、甲藻门(2.29%)、隐藻门(0.76%)浮游植物共6门131种,浮游植物的群落结构分布较为相似,均以蓝藻门浮游植物的丰度最大,其次为绿藻门、硅藻门和隐藻门,与向海湿地相比,查干湖湿地检出浮游植物种类及优势种均偏少,各门的检出种类数量存在一定差异。利用CANOCO4.5软件提供的冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis,RDA)研究影响向海湿地和查干湖湿地浮游植物分布的主要水环境因子,结果显示pH、TP、BOD和碳酸氢盐为影响向海湿地浮游植物分布的主要水环境因子,而pH、TP、TN、DO和BOD为影响查干湖湿地浮游植物分布的主要水环境因子。同时从向海湿地和查干湖湿地区域土地利用程度和补水特征分析了两个湿地浮游植物群落结构差异性产生的原因,向海湿地主要补水来源为洮儿河,而查干湖湿地补水主要为松花江引水和农业灌溉退水,初步分析显示,区域土地利用程度及补水水质是造成向海湿地和查干湖湿地浮游植物群落结构和水环境因子存在差异的主要原因之一。本论文的研究可为向海和查干湖湿地主要湖泊水环境评价及保护提供基础资料和生物学依据,同时为分析湿地浮游植物的水环境影响因子提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:The water quality of Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland is evaluated by single factor index method. The results show that the overall water pollution of Chagan Lake wetland is more serious than that of Xianghai wetland. The distribution characteristics of phytoplankton community showed that there were 6 phylum 166 species of phytoplankton, including Chlorophyta (39.76%), diatom (36.75%), Cyanophyta (12.05%), Phaeophyta (7.83%), Chlorophyta (3.01%) and Cryptophyta (0.60%) in Xianghai wetland. Chlorophyta (52.67%), diatom (24.43%), cyanobacteria (12.21%), Phaeophyta (7.63%), Prorophyta (2.29%), Cryptoplankton (0.76%), phytoplankton were detected in Chagan Lake Wetland. The phytoplankton community structure was similar, and the abundance of phytoplankton was the highest. The second is Chlorophyta, diatom and Cryptophyta. Compared with Xianghai Wetland, Chagan Lake wetland has less phytoplankton species and less dominant species, and there are some differences in the number of phytoplankton species detected in Chagan Lake Wetland. The main water environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton in Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland were studied by redundancy analysis (Redundancy Analysis,RDA) provided by CANOCO4.5 software. The results showed that pH,TP,BOD and bicarbonate were the main water environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton in Xianghai wetland. PH,TP,TN,DO and BOD were the main water environmental factors affecting phytoplankton distribution in Chagan Lake wetland. At the same time, the causes of the difference of phytoplankton community structure between Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland were analyzed from the characteristics of land use and water supplement. The main source of water supplement in Xianghai wetland was Taoer River. However, the catchment water in Chagan Lake wetland is mainly composed of Songhua River diversion and agricultural irrigation recuperation. Preliminary analysis shows that Regional land use degree and water quality are the main reasons for the difference of phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors between Xianghai wetland and Chagan Lake wetland. The research in this paper can provide basic data and biological basis for water environment assessment and protection of main lakes in Xianghai and Chagan Lake wetlands, and also provide reference for analyzing the water environmental impact factors of wetland phytoplankton.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948.8;X143

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