金属半导体纳米粒子对水培水稻幼苗的毒性及吸收转运规律

发布时间：2018-10-09 16:41

【摘要】：金属半导体纳米粒子由于其独特的理化性质被广泛应用于工业生产和科学研究,而遗留在水环境中的金属半导体纳米粒子对植物的危害程度和累积水平还有待研究和完善.本文以水稻为实验对象,通过水培试验研究了氧化铜纳米粒子(CuONPs)、氧化锌纳米粒子(ZnONPs)和硫化锌纳米粒子(ZnSNPs)在不同浓度(10、50和100 mg·L~(-1))下的植物毒性及其在水稻体内的吸收转运行为.纳米粒子悬浮液的粒径分布和Zeta电位分析结果表明,CuONPs在水中的分散性和稳定性高于ZnONPs和ZnSNPs.ZnONPs悬浮液中溶解的金属离子量高于CuONPs和ZnSNPs悬浮液.毒性实验结果表明,较高浓度(50和100 mg·L~(-1))的ZnONPs和CuONPs不同程度地阻碍了水稻幼苗的生长,增加了根系中丙二醛(MDA)的含量,降低了根系活力和叶片中的叶绿素含量.50和100 mg·L~(-1)的ZnONPs导致根系鲜重分别降低至对照组的47.3%和44.3%,100 mg·L~(-1)ZnONPs和CuONPs使根系活力由对照组的710.4μg·g-1·h~(-1)分别降低至150.0和481.9μg·g-1·h~(-1).ZnSNPs在实验设置浓度下体现了促进水稻生长的作用.10 mg·L~(-1)的ZnSNPs使地上部分鲜重增加到对照组的109.8%,100 mg·L~(-1)时使根系活力提高到了对照组的2倍.Zn的选择性吸收和生物转运系数均高于Cu,本研究结果证明了金属半导体纳米粒子的植物毒性和累积水平与纳米粒子在水中的理化性质及植物对不同毒物的反应程度有关.
[Abstract]:Metal semiconductor nanoparticles have been widely used in industrial production and scientific research because of their unique physical and chemical properties. However, the harm degree and accumulation level of metal semiconductor nanoparticles left over in water environment to plants need to be studied and improved. In this paper, the phytotoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnSNPs) at different concentrations (10 ~ 50 and 100 mg L ~ (-1) and their absorption and transport behavior in rice were studied by hydroponic experiments. The results of particle size distribution and Zeta potential analysis show that the dispersion and stability of CuONPs in water are higher than that in ZnONPs and ZnSNPs.ZnONPs suspensions. The amount of metal ions dissolved in the suspensions is higher than that in CuONPs and ZnSNPs suspensions. The results of toxicity test showed that higher concentrations (50 and 100 mg L-1) of ZnONPs and CuONPs hindered the growth of rice seedlings, and increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in roots. ZnONPs, which decreased root activity and chlorophyll content in leaves. 50 and 100 mg L ~ (-1), decreased root fresh weight to 47.3% and 44.3% of control group, respectively. Root activity decreased from 710.4 渭 g / h ~ (-1) to 150.0 渭 g / h ~ (-1) and 481.9 渭 g / h ~ (-1) to 481.9 渭 g / h ~ (-1). The effects of ZnSNPs on the growth of rice. 10 mg L ~ (-1) increased the fresh weight of the aboveground part to 109.8 mg L ~ (-1) of the control group. The selective absorption and biotransport coefficient of Zn were higher than those of the control group. The results show that the phytotoxicity and accumulation level of metal semiconductor nanoparticles are related to the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles in water and the degree of plant reaction to different poisons.
【作者单位】：湖南大学环境科学与工程学院;湖南大学环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：湖南大学交叉学科项目(No.531107040761) 国家自然科学基金(No.51579095)~~
【分类号】：X171.5

【相似文献】